Craig Andrew R, Shahan Timothy A
Utah State University.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2018 Jan;109(1):148-163. doi: 10.1002/jeab.300. Epub 2018 Jan 2.
Resistance to extinction in a target multiple-schedule component varies inversely with the rate of reinforcement arranged in an alternative component during baseline. The present experiment asked whether changing the reinforcer rate in an alternative component would impact extinction of target component responding if those changes occurred in an off-baseline phase during which the target component was never experienced. Pigeons' key pecking was studied in three types of conditions, and each condition consisted of three phases. In Phase 1, pecking produced food in the target and alternative components of a multiple schedule according to variable-interval 60-s schedules. In Phase 2, the alternative-component stimulus was presented alone in a single schedule. Pecking during this phase produced the same reinforcer rate as in baseline in the Control condition, a higher rate of food (variable-interval 15 s) in the High-Rate condition, or was extinguished in the Extinction condition. Extinction of target- and alternative-component key pecking then was assessed in a multiple schedule during the final phase of each condition. Resistance to extinction of target-component key pecking was the same between the Control and High-Rate conditions but lower in the Extinction condition. These findings are discussed in terms of discrimination and generalization processes.
在目标多重时间表成分中，消退抗性与基线期替代成分中安排的强化率成反比。本实验探讨了如果在目标成分从未经历过的非基线期改变替代成分中的强化率，是否会影响目标成分反应的消退。在三种类型的条件下研究了鸽子的按键行为，每种条件都由三个阶段组成。在第1阶段，根据可变间隔60秒的时间表，啄击在多重时间表的目标和替代成分中产生食物。在第2阶段，替代成分刺激在单一时间表中单独呈现。在这个阶段的啄击在控制条件下产生与基线相同的强化率，在高强化率条件下产生更高的食物强化率（可变间隔15秒），或者在消退条件下被消退。然后在每个条件的最后阶段，在多重时间表中评估目标和替代成分按键行为的消退情况。控制条件和高强化率条件下目标成分按键行为的消退抗性相同，但在消退条件下较低。将根据辨别和泛化过程对这些发现进行讨论。
