Reiss Adam J, Bell Matthew C
Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, United States.
Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, United States.
Behav Processes. 2016 Sep;130:46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
The present study was designed to assess the effect of a single, response-independent food presentation on responding during extinction. Using a two-component multiple schedule, we examined differences in pigeons' extinction responding resulting from a single response-independent food presentation occurring at the beginning of the experimental session (30-s prior to the beginning of the first component). One component presented reinforcement according to a variable interval 45-s schedule and the second presented reinforcement according to a variable interval 180-s schedule. After establishing stable baseline responding we extinguished responding. We systematically manipulated the presence or absence of a single 3-s free food presentation using the food hopper that occurred 30-s prior to the presentation of the first component. We found the single free food presentation increased persistence of responding in extinction. This finding is inconsistent with behavioral momentum theory inasmuch as it assigns a response disruptive role to food presentations occurring outside of the context of the target operant.
本研究旨在评估单次与反应无关的食物呈现对消退过程中反应的影响。采用双成分多重时间表，我们研究了在实验 session 开始时（第一个成分开始前 30 秒）出现的单次与反应无关的食物呈现所导致的鸽子消退反应差异。一个成分按照可变间隔 45 秒的时间表呈现强化，第二个成分按照可变间隔 180 秒的时间表呈现强化。在建立稳定的基线反应后，我们使反应消退。我们系统地操纵了在第一个成分呈现前 30 秒使用食物料斗进行的单次 3 秒免费食物呈现的有无。我们发现单次免费食物呈现增加了消退中反应的持续性。这一发现与行为动量理论不一致，因为它赋予了在目标操作性条件作用背景之外出现的食物呈现一种反应干扰作用。
