Clinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Split and Dalmatia County, Vukovarska 46, 21000 Split, Croatia,
Clinical Microbiology Department, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Split and Dalmatia County, Vukovarska 46, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2018 Mar 1;23(9):1587-1611. doi: 10.2741/4662.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections can have clinical presentations from self-limited benign growth in the skin and mucosal epithelia to malignant growth. HPV infects basal epithelial cells (undifferentiated keratinocytes) of the squamous-columnar junction, especially of the cervix. Although today we understand HPV oncogenesis very well, we have very powerful methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of HPV related precancerous lesions, however, more than 270,000 women annually die from cervical cancer worldwide. Integrating HPV vaccination with new, more sensitive, cervical screening assays as part of routine preventive care will improve healthcare for all women. The availability of prophylactic HPV vaccines has provided powerful tools for primary prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-associated diseases. Secondary prevention through primary high-risk HPV (hr-HPV) testing has the potential to further reduce morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer. However, to achieve the maximum benefit of screening, there is need to continue to identify women who are either unscreened or under-screened. Synergies between HPV vaccination and HPV screening is recommended to improve the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prevention HPV-related disease.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染可在皮肤和黏膜上皮出现自限性良性生长或恶性生长的临床表现。HPV 感染位于鳞状柱状交界处的基底上皮细胞（未分化的角朊细胞），特别是宫颈。尽管我们现在对 HPV 致癌机制有了很好的理解，并且有非常有效的 HPV 相关癌前病变的诊断、治疗和预防方法，但全球每年仍有超过 27 万名妇女死于宫颈癌。将 HPV 疫苗接种与新的、更敏感的宫颈筛查检测相结合，作为常规预防保健的一部分，将改善所有妇女的医疗保健。预防性 HPV 疫苗的出现为宫颈癌和其他 HPV 相关疾病的一级预防提供了有力工具。通过一级高危型 HPV（hr-HPV）检测进行二级预防有可能进一步降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。然而，为了使筛查获得最大效益，需要继续确定那些未筛查或筛查不足的妇女。建议 HPV 疫苗接种和 HPV 筛查之间的协同作用，以提高 HPV 相关疾病预防的效果和成本效益。
