Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin und Fraunhofer Institut für Silicatforschung (ISC), Translationszentrum "Regenerative Therapien", Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2018 Jan 1;50(1):12-36. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmx126.
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members, which include TGF-βs, activins and bone morphogenetic proteins, are pleiotropic cytokines that elicit cell type-specific effects in a highly context-dependent manner in many different tissues. These secreted protein ligands signal via single-transmembrane Type I and Type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and intracellular SMAD transcription factors. Deregulation in signaling has been implicated in a broad array of diseases, and implicate the need for intricate fine tuning in cellular signaling responses. One important emerging mechanism by which TGF-β family receptor signaling intensity, duration, specificity and diversity are regulated and/or mediated is through cell surface co-receptors. Here, we provide an overview of the co-receptors that have been identified for TGF-β family members. While some appear to be specific to TGF-β family members, others are shared with other pathways and provide possible ways for signal integration. This review focuses on novel functions of TGF-β family co-receptors, which continue to be discovered.
转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）家族成员包括 TGF-βs、激活素和骨形态发生蛋白，是一类多功能细胞因子，在许多不同的组织中以高度依赖上下文的方式引起细胞类型特异性效应。这些分泌蛋白配体通过单次跨膜 I 型和 II 型丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体和细胞内 SMAD 转录因子信号转导。信号转导的失调与广泛的疾病有关，这意味着需要对细胞信号转导反应进行精细的微调。TGF-β 家族受体信号强度、持续时间、特异性和多样性的一个重要新兴调节和/或介导机制是通过细胞表面共受体。在这里，我们概述了已鉴定出的 TGF-β 家族成员的共受体。虽然有些似乎是 TGF-β 家族成员所特有的，但其他共受体与其他途径共享，并为信号整合提供了可能的途径。本综述重点介绍了 TGF-β 家族共受体的新功能，这些功能仍在不断发现。
