University of Nebraska Omaha, USA.
University of Texas at San Antonio, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Oct;35(19-20):3913-3938. doi: 10.1177/0886260517712276. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
This study examines the impact of several indicators of neighborhood social ties (e.g., residents' interactions with each other; residents' ability to recognize outsiders) on intimate partner violence (IPV) against women as well as whether neighborhood collective efficacy's impact on IPV is contingent upon such ties. This study used data from 4,151 women (46% Latina, 33% African American, 17% Caucasian, on average 32 years old) in 80 neighborhoods from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. We estimated a series of random effects hierarchical Bernoulli models to assess the main and interactive effects of neighborhood social ties and collective efficacy on minor and severe forms of IPV against women. Results indicate that certain neighborhood social ties are associated with higher rates of minor forms of IPV against women (but not severe forms of IPV), and collective efficacy does not appear to influence IPV against women, regardless of the level of individual or neighborhood social ties. Unlike street crime, collective efficacy does not significantly reduce IPV against women, even in neighborhoods with strong social ties that may facilitate awareness of the violence. In fact, perpetrators of minor IPV may enjoy some protective benefit in communities with social ties that make neighbors hesitant to intervene in what some might perceive as "private matters."
本研究考察了几个邻里社会关系指标（例如，居民之间的相互作用；居民识别外来者的能力）对女性亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的影响，以及邻里集体效能对 IPV 的影响是否取决于这些关系。本研究使用了来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目的 80 个街区的 4151 名女性（46%拉丁裔、33%非裔美国人、17%白人，平均年龄 32 岁）的数据。我们估计了一系列随机效应层次伯努利模型，以评估邻里社会关系和集体效能对女性轻微和严重形式的 IPV 的主要和交互作用。结果表明，某些邻里社会关系与女性轻微形式的 IPV 发生率较高（但不是严重形式的 IPV）有关，而集体效能似乎并不影响 IPV，无论个人或邻里社会关系的水平如何。与街头犯罪不同，即使在社会关系较强的社区，集体效能也不会显著降低针对女性的 IPV，这些社区可能会促使人们意识到暴力行为。事实上，对于那些可能认为某些事情是“私人事务”而不愿干预的邻居来说，轻微 IPV 的实施者可能会在具有社会关系的社区中获得一些保护。
