Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.
School of Education, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA.
J Urban Health. 2021 Feb;98(1):91-100. doi: 10.1007/s11524-020-00475-1.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a public health issue plaguing families and communities in the USA. Despite considerable research devoted to individual-level factors affecting IPV and a smaller body of ecological IPV research, few studies explore the interaction between individual-level protective factors and neighborhood- or community-level factors in predicting the incidents of IPV among women. Moreover, most IPV studies utilize a unidimensional approach for social capital, despite strong empirical and theoretical support for a multi-dimensional conceptualization. In a sample of heterosexual women in the USA (N = 1884), we found that concentrated disadvantage, social and physical disorder, and community violence together significantly predicted increased rates of IPV victimization. Concentrated disadvantage and higher scores on the social capital index independently predicted a lower probability of victimization. Moderating effects were found for social capital: the protective effects of social capital on the probability of IPV were attenuated for those reporting community violence compared with women who did not report it. These findings enhance the field's understanding of the synergistic relationship between individual- and neighborhood-level factors, providing important implications for community-based IPV interventions.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）仍然是一个困扰美国家庭和社区的公共卫生问题。尽管有相当多的研究致力于研究影响 IPV 的个体因素和少量的生态 IPV 研究，但很少有研究探讨个体保护因素与邻里或社区水平因素之间的相互作用，以预测妇女中 IPV 的事件。此外，尽管有强有力的实证和理论支持多维度概念化，但大多数 IPV 研究都采用了社会资本的单一维度方法。在美国的一组异性恋女性（N=1884）中，我们发现，集中劣势、社会和物理混乱以及社区暴力共同显著预测了 IPV 受害率的增加。集中劣势和社会资本指数得分较高独立预测受害的可能性较低。社会资本存在调节作用：与没有报告社区暴力的女性相比，报告社区暴力的女性的社会资本对 IPV 发生概率的保护作用减弱。这些发现增强了该领域对个体和邻里水平因素协同关系的理解，为基于社区的 IPV 干预提供了重要启示。
