Kurowska-Stolarska Mariola, Alivernini Stefano
Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham and Newcastle, Glasgow, Birmingham and Newcastle, UK.
RMD Open. 2017 Dec 6;3(2):e000527. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000527. eCollection 2017.
Healthy synovial tissue includes a lining layer of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages. The influx of leucocytes during active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) includes monocytes that differentiate locally into proinflammatory macrophages, and these produce pathogenic tumour necrosis factor. During sustained remission, the synovial tissue macrophage numbers recede to normal. The constitutive presence of tissue macrophages in the lining layer of the synovial membrane in healthy donors and in patients with RA during remission suggests that this macrophage population may have a role in maintaining and reinstating synovial tissue homeostasis respectively. Recent appreciation of the different origins and functions of tissue-resident compared with monocyte-derived macrophages has improved the understanding of their relative involvement in organ homeostasis in mouse models of disease. In this review, informed by mouse models and human data, we describe the presence of different functional subpopulations of human synovial tissue macrophages and discuss their distinct contribution to joint homeostasis and chronic inflammation in RA.
健康的滑膜组织包括一层滑膜成纤维细胞和巨噬细胞。在活动性类风湿关节炎（RA）期间，白细胞的流入包括单核细胞，这些单核细胞在局部分化为促炎巨噬细胞，并且这些巨噬细胞会产生致病性肿瘤坏死因子。在持续缓解期间，滑膜组织中的巨噬细胞数量恢复到正常水平。在健康供体以及缓解期RA患者的滑膜衬里层中，组织巨噬细胞的组成性存在表明，这群巨噬细胞可能分别在维持和恢复滑膜组织稳态中发挥作用。与单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞相比，最近对组织驻留巨噬细胞的不同起源和功能的认识，增进了我们对它们在疾病小鼠模型中相对参与器官稳态情况的理解。在本综述中，基于小鼠模型和人类数据，我们描述了人类滑膜组织巨噬细胞不同功能亚群的存在，并讨论了它们对RA关节稳态和慢性炎症的独特贡献。
