Inglez de Souza Maria Claudia C M, Ryan Richard, Ter Haar Gert, Packer Rowena M A, Volk Holger A, De Decker Steven
Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo-School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Brazil.
Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead lane, AL9 7TA North Mymms, Hatfield, UK.
BMC Vet Res. 2018 Jan 5;14(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1316-9.
Although thoracic vertebral malformations with kyphosis and scoliosis are often considered incidental findings on diagnostic imaging studies of screw-tailed brachycephalic breeds, they have been suggested to interfere with spinal biomechanics and intervertebral disc degeneration. It is however unknown if an abnormal spinal curvature also predisposes dogs to develop clinically relevant intervertebral disc herniations. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the occurrence of thoracic vertebral malformations, kyphosis or scoliosis would be associated with a higher prevalence of cervical or thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion in French bulldogs.
French bulldogs that underwent computed tomography for reasons unrelated to spinal disease (n = 101), and French bulldogs with thoracolumbar (n = 47) or cervical intervertebral disc extrusion (n = 30) that underwent magnetic resonance imaging were included. There was a significant association between the presence of kyphosis and the occurrence of intervertebral disc extrusion, particularly in the thoracolumbar region. Dogs with kyphosis were at nearly a two times increased odds of being affected by intervertebral disc extrusion than those without kyphosis [(OR = 1.98 (95% CI: 1.04-3.78)]. There was also an association between the presence of scoliosis and the anatomical distribution of intervertebral disc extrusions, with dogs with scoliosis more likely to have more caudal lumbar intervertebral disc extrusions. Presence of scoliosis was not associated with an increased odds of being affected by intervertebral disc extrusion.
Although thoracic vertebral malformations with kyphosis only rarely cause spinal cord dysfunction in itself, French bulldogs with kyphosis appear to be at higher risk to develop thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.
虽然在短头犬种的诊断性影像学检查中，伴有脊柱后凸和脊柱侧凸的胸椎畸形常被视为偶然发现，但有人认为它们会干扰脊柱生物力学和椎间盘退变。然而，尚不清楚脊柱异常弯曲是否也会使犬易患具有临床相关性的椎间盘突出症。本研究的目的是评估法国斗牛犬胸椎畸形、脊柱后凸或脊柱侧凸的发生是否与颈椎或胸腰椎椎间盘突出的更高患病率相关。
纳入了因与脊柱疾病无关的原因接受计算机断层扫描的法国斗牛犬（n = 101），以及接受磁共振成像的患有胸腰椎（n = 47）或颈椎间盘突出（n = 30）的法国斗牛犬。脊柱后凸的存在与椎间盘突出的发生之间存在显著关联，尤其是在胸腰椎区域。患有脊柱后凸的犬患椎间盘突出的几率比没有脊柱后凸的犬增加了近两倍[（OR = 1.98（95% CI：1.04 - 3.78）]。脊柱侧凸的存在与椎间盘突出的解剖分布之间也存在关联，患有脊柱侧凸的犬更有可能出现更靠尾侧的腰椎间盘突出。脊柱侧凸的存在与椎间盘突出的患病几率增加无关。
虽然伴有脊柱后凸的胸椎畸形本身很少导致脊髓功能障碍，但患有脊柱后凸的法国斗牛犬似乎发生胸腰椎椎间盘突出的风险更高。
