Ghidini Sergio, Zanardi Emanuela, Di Ciccio Pierluigi Aldo, Borrello Silvio, Belluzi Giancarlo, Guizzardi Sarah, Ianieri Adriana
Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via Del Taglio, 10, 43126, Parma, Italy.
Italian Ministry of Health, Via Giorgio Ribotta, 5, 00144, Rome, Italy.
BMC Vet Res. 2018 Jan 5;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1329-4.
There is a general consensus in recognizing that traditional meat inspection is no longer able to address the hazards related to meat consumption. Moreover, it has been shown that invasive procedures, such as palpation and incision, can increase microbial contamination in carcasses. For these reasons, legislations all over the world are changing meat inspection techniques, moving towards visual-only techniques. Hence, there was also the need to test visual-only inspection in pigs in Italy.
A protocol for visual-only post-mortem inspection was produced together with a 24-class scheme used to record pathological lesions. A list of guidelines needed for univocal interpretation and classification of lesions was developed. To record lesions at the slaughtering line, a light instrument that is resistant to the slaughter environment was designed and then produced in collaboration with an electro-medical company. Six contracted veterinarians were chosen and trained. They performed visual-only post-mortem inspections on 231.673 heavy pigs in three different slaughterhouses of Northern Italy. Visual-only inspection was compared to traditional inspection on 38.819 pig carcasses. No relevant differences were found between the two systems.
The comparison between traditional and visual-only inspection showed that visual-only inspection can be adopted in pig slaughterhouse. The analysis of the performance of the veterinarians stressed the importance of standardization and continuous education for veterinarians working in this field.
人们普遍认为，传统的肉类检验已无法应对与肉类消费相关的危害。此外，业已表明，诸如触诊和切开等侵入性程序会增加屠体的微生物污染。基于这些原因，世界各国的立法都在改变肉类检验技术，转向仅采用视觉检查的技术。因此，意大利也有必要对猪的仅视觉检查进行测试。
制定了仅视觉尸检的方案以及用于记录病理损伤的24级分类方案。制定了对损伤进行明确解释和分类所需的指南清单。为了在屠宰线上记录损伤，设计了一种耐屠宰环境的照明仪器，然后与一家电子医疗公司合作生产。挑选并培训了六名签约兽医。他们在意大利北部的三个不同屠宰场对231,673头肥猪进行了仅视觉尸检。在38,819头猪胴体上对仅视觉检查与传统检查进行了比较。两种系统之间未发现相关差异。
传统检查与仅视觉检查的比较表明，仅视觉检查可应用于猪屠宰场。对兽医表现的分析强调了该领域兽医标准化和持续教育的重要性。
