Department of Microbial Ecology, Microbial Ecology - Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Trends Microbiol. 2018 Aug;26(8):649-662. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.12.004. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
Bacteriophages are among the most abundant and diverse biological units in the biosphere. They have contributed to our understanding of the central dogma of biology and have been instrumental in the evolutionary success of bacterial pathogens. In contrast to our current understanding of marine viral communities, the soil virome and its function in terrestrial ecosystems has remained relatively understudied. Here, we examine, in a comparative fashion, the knowledge gathered from studies performed in soil versus marine settings. We address the information with respect to the abundance, diversity, ecological significance, and effects of, in particular, bacteriophages on their host's evolutionary trajectories. We also identify the main challenges that soil virology faces and the studies that are required to accompany the current developments in marine settings.
噬菌体是生物圈中最丰富和最多样化的生物单位之一。它们促进了我们对生物学中心法则的理解，并在细菌病原体的进化成功中发挥了重要作用。与我们目前对海洋病毒群落的理解相比，土壤病毒组及其在陆地生态系统中的功能仍然相对研究不足。在这里，我们以比较的方式检查了从土壤和海洋环境中获得的知识。我们针对丰度、多样性、生态意义，特别是噬菌体对其宿主进化轨迹的影响等方面的信息进行了探讨。我们还确定了土壤病毒学面临的主要挑战，以及为了配合海洋环境中的当前发展而需要进行的研究。
