Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2018 Feb;24(2):121-128. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.12.007. Epub 2018 Jan 5.
Trends towards dimensional approaches in understanding psychiatric disorders may also be applied to addictive disorders. Advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of addiction can inform these efforts. Furthermore, dimensional approaches to addiction, such as the proposed Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA), may be used in identifying novel addiction biomarkers, and refining ones that currently exist. These biomarkers, derived from both an understanding of the neurobiology of addiction and behavioral phenotypes, represent a departure from traditional markers of alcohol-relevant biomarkers, such as tests of liver function (LFTs). We posit that a potential addiction-relevant biomarker is reinforcer pathology, found to be relevant across addictions to different substances, and which may offer a target for modification through the use of episodic future thinking.
理解精神障碍的维度方法的趋势也可能适用于成瘾障碍。我们对成瘾神经生物学的理解的进步可以为这些努力提供信息。此外，成瘾的维度方法，如拟议的成瘾神经临床评估 (ANA)，可用于识别新的成瘾生物标志物，并改进现有的生物标志物。这些生物标志物源自对成瘾神经生物学和行为表型的理解，与传统的酒精相关生物标志物（如肝功能测试）有所不同。我们假设，一种潜在的与成瘾相关的生物标志物是强化物病理学，它在不同物质的成瘾中都具有相关性，并且可以通过使用情景性未来思维来进行修改。
