Terranova Caroline O, Protani Melinda M, Reeves Marina M
a The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Cancer Prevention Research Centre , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia.
Nutr Cancer. 2018 Feb-Mar;70(2):153-163. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1412478. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
Breast cancer survivors often seek information about how lifestyle factors, such as diet, may influence their prognosis. Previous studies have reviewed evidence around single nutrients, individual foods or food groups. We reviewed studies examining relationships between overall dietary intake and prognosis in breast cancer survivors. A systematic search was conducted to identify studies, published until June 2016, which assessed associations between overall dietary intake (i.e., quality; score; pattern) and mortality and/or recurrence in breast cancer survivors. We identified seven eligible studies. Studies were heterogeneous regarding diet assessment timing (before/after diagnosis); mean age and menopausal status; and dietary intake measure (statistically derived/a priori defined indices). Better overall dietary intake (i.e., better quality; healthy/prudent pattern; less inflammatory diet) was associated with decreased risk of overall and non-breast cancer mortality, in most studies. Insufficient evidence is available to draw conclusions regarding breast cancer-specific survival and disease recurrence. Following breast cancer diagnosis, better overall dietary intake may independently improve overall and non-breast cancer survival. Survivors may improve prognosis by adopting more healthful dietary patterns consistent with dietary guidelines and/or prudent diet. Future adequately powered studies should consider measuring dietary intake consistently to better understand the role of diet in disease-specific outcomes.
乳腺癌幸存者常常寻求有关生活方式因素（如饮食）如何影响其预后的信息。以往的研究回顾了围绕单一营养素、单一食物或食物组的证据。我们回顾了有关乳腺癌幸存者总体饮食摄入与预后之间关系的研究。进行了系统检索，以识别截至2016年6月发表的评估乳腺癌幸存者总体饮食摄入（即质量、评分、模式）与死亡率和/或复发之间关联的研究。我们确定了七项符合条件的研究。这些研究在饮食评估时间（诊断前/后）、平均年龄和绝经状态以及饮食摄入量测量方法（统计得出的/先验定义的指标）方面存在异质性。在大多数研究中，更好的总体饮食摄入（即更高质量、健康/谨慎的模式、炎症性更低的饮食）与总体和非乳腺癌死亡率风险降低相关。关于乳腺癌特异性生存和疾病复发，现有证据不足，无法得出结论。乳腺癌诊断后，更好的总体饮食摄入可能独立改善总体和非乳腺癌生存。幸存者可通过采用符合饮食指南和/或谨慎饮食的更健康饮食模式来改善预后。未来有足够样本量的研究应考虑一致地测量饮食摄入，以更好地了解饮食在疾病特异性结局中的作用。
