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了解中国的职业健康行政法规和趋势。

Understanding the administrative regulation on occupational health and trend in China.

机构信息

Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health/MOE Key Lab for Public Health Safety, Fudan University.

出版信息

J Occup Health. 2018 Mar 27;60(2):126-131. doi: 10.1539/joh.17-0229-RA. Epub 2017 Dec 28.

Abstract

With the immense economic growth and social development, China has gained worldwide attention. With the quick growth of industrialization, several international professionals are gaining interest in occupational management system and in the role of the Chinese Government in protecting the worker's health. The Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and the Work Safety Law are the two most important laws in China, which highlight the responsibilities of the employer, employee, governmental agencies, authorized occupational health service agency, and other stakeholders. The State Council comprises two departments, namely, the State Administration on Work Safety (SAWS) and the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), which are responsible for governing the occupational health work. A series of regulations and standards have been promulgated by the Chinese Government to encourage or instruct the employers to fulfill their responsibility; however, several issues persist related to occupational health work, including administrative, technological, and sociocultural aspects. At present, the Chinese Government wants to enhance the reform in both economic and administrative structures, and the adjustments for modifying and/or improving the occupational health regulatory system are expected. Notably, the occupational health work in China must be altered for better.

摘要

随着经济的巨大增长和社会的发展,中国引起了全世界的关注。随着工业化的快速发展,一些国际专业人士对职业管理系统和中国政府在保护工人健康方面的作用产生了兴趣。《职业病防治法》和《安全生产法》是中国最重要的两项法律,强调了雇主、雇员、政府机构、授权的职业健康服务机构和其他利益相关者的责任。国务院由两个部门组成,即国家安全生产监督管理总局(SAWS)和国家卫生和计划生育委员会(NHFPC),负责管理职业健康工作。中国政府颁布了一系列法规和标准,鼓励或指示雇主履行其责任;然而,职业健康工作仍存在一些问题,包括行政、技术和社会文化方面的问题。目前,中国政府希望加强经济和行政结构的改革,预计将对职业健康监管体系进行修改和/或改进。值得注意的是,中国的职业健康工作必须进行改变,以实现更好的效果。

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