1 Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
2 Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania.
Scand J Public Health. 2018 Aug;46(6):667-674. doi: 10.1177/1403494817751756. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
The aim of this study was to examine the relation between residential distance from major roads and city parks and the development of arterial hypertension.
In this study, we used data of the population included in the MONICA survey (Lithuania). In total, 739 participants without arterial hypertension were selected for the present study. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to evaluate the associations between distances from a major road and a city park expressed as categorical variables and the incidence of arterial hypertension, adjusting for individual risk factors.
For persons living at a distance of 151-300 m and > 300 m from city parks, relative risks were 1.49 (95% CI 1.03-2.15) and 1.51 (95% CI 1.10-2.07) respectively, as compared to a ≤ 150 m distance from city parks. For persons living further than 200 m away from a major road, the relative risk for the residential distance from city parks > 150 m was 2.36 ( p = 0.029) times higher, as compared to a ≤ 150 m distance from city parks. We found that an increased risk of arterial hypertension was associated with the distance from a city park > 350 m and the distance to a major road < 200 m (RR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.03-2.12) as compared to living ≤ 350 m to a city park and ≥ 200 m away from a major road.
An increase in the incidence of arterial hypertension was associated with a shorter distance to a major road and a greater distance to a city park. The effect modification of a shorter distance to a major road on the association between a greater distance to city parks and the incidence of arterial hypertension was identified.
本研究旨在探讨居住距离主要道路和城市公园与动脉高血压发展之间的关系。
本研究使用了 MONICA 调查（立陶宛）中包含的人群数据。总共选择了 739 名没有动脉高血压的参与者进行本研究。使用泊松回归和稳健方差估计来评估主要道路和城市公园距离的类别变量与动脉高血压发生率之间的关联，同时调整个体危险因素。
对于居住在距离城市公园 151-300 米和>300 米处的人，相对风险分别为 1.49（95%CI 1.03-2.15）和 1.51（95%CI 1.10-2.07），与距离城市公园≤150 米相比。对于居住距离主要道路超过 200 米的人，居住距离城市公园>150 米的相对风险为 2.36（p=0.029），与距离城市公园≤150 米相比。我们发现，与居住距离城市公园≤350 米且距离主要道路≥200 米相比，居住距离城市公园>350 米和距离主要道路<200 米与动脉高血压的风险增加相关（RR=1.48，95%CI 1.03-2.12）。
与主要道路的距离缩短和与城市公园的距离增加与动脉高血压的发病率增加有关。主要道路较短的距离对城市公园较远与动脉高血压发生率之间的关联的效应修饰作用被确定。
