French Associates institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer campus , Beersheba , Israel.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Apr 11;66(14):3624-3636. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04881. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
Warm viticulture regions are associated with inferior wines, resulting from the interaction between microclimate and fruit biochemistry. Solar irradiance triggers biosynthetic processes in the fruit and dominates its thermal balance. Therefore, deciphering its impact on fruit metabolism is pivotal to develop strategies for fruit protection and ameliorate its quality traits. Here, we modified light quality and intensity in the fruit-zone and integrated micrometeorology with grape and wine metabolomics, allowing a complete assessment, from field to bottle. We analyzed the dynamics of fruit's adaptation to altered conditions during ripening and constructed temporal-based metabolic networks. Micrometeorological modifications shifted the balance between the major flavonoids, associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, and higher flavonols. Differences were fixed from 2 weeks postveraison until harvest, suggesting a controlled acclimation response rather than external modulation. Differences in grape composition manifested in the wine and resulted in higher color intensity and improved wine hue under partial shading.
温暖的葡萄种植区与较差的葡萄酒有关，这是微气候和果实生化相互作用的结果。太阳辐射激发了果实中的生物合成过程，并主导其热平衡。因此，破译其对果实代谢的影响对于开发果实保护策略和改善其品质特性至关重要。在这里，我们改变了果实区域的光质和强度，并将微气象学与葡萄和葡萄酒代谢组学相结合，从田间到瓶中进行了全面评估。我们分析了果实在成熟过程中对改变条件的适应动态，并构建了基于时间的代谢网络。微气象学的改变改变了主要类黄酮之间的平衡，与增加的太阳暴露相关的是较低水平的花青素和黄烷-3-醇，以及更高水平的类黄酮。从转色后 2 周开始，差异一直持续到收获，这表明是一种受控的适应反应，而不是外部调节。葡萄成分的差异在葡萄酒中表现出来，在部分遮荫下，葡萄酒的颜色强度更高，色调得到改善。
