School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Mar 1;209:495-504. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.068. Epub 2018 Jan 6.
Urban stormwater control is an urgent concern in megacities where increased impervious surface has disrupted natural hydrology. Water managers are increasingly turning to more environmentally friendly ways of capturing stormwater, called Green Infrastructure (GI), to mitigate combined sewer overflow (CSO) that degrades local water quality. A rapid screening approach is described to evaluate how GI strategies can reduce the amount of stormwater runoff in a low-density residential watershed in New York City. Among multiple possible tools, the L-THIA LID online software package, using the SCS-CN method, was selected to estimate relative runoff reductions expected with different strategies in areas of different land uses in the watershed. Results are sensitive to the relative areas of different land uses, and show that bioretention and raingardens provide the maximum reduction (∼12%) in this largely residential watershed. Although commercial, industrial and high-density residential areas in the watershed are minor, larger runoff reductions from disconnection strategies and porous pavement in parking lots are also possible. Total stormwater reductions from various combinations of these strategies can reach 35-55% for individual land uses, and between 23% and 42% for the entire watershed.
城市暴雨管理是特大城市面临的一个紧迫问题，因为不透水表面的增加扰乱了自然水文。水管理人员越来越多地转向更环保的方法来收集雨水，称为绿色基础设施 (GI)，以减轻合流污水溢流 (CSO)，这会降低当地的水质。本文描述了一种快速筛选方法，用于评估 GI 策略如何减少纽约市低密度住宅区流域的暴雨径流量。在多种可能的工具中，选择了使用 SCS-CN 方法的 L-THIA LID 在线软件包来估计不同策略在流域不同土地利用区域的相对径流减少量。结果对不同土地利用的相对面积敏感，结果表明，在这个主要是住宅区的流域中，生物滞留和雨水花园提供了最大的径流减少量（约 12%）。尽管流域中的商业、工业和高密度住宅区面积较小，但在停车场采用分离策略和多孔路面也可能实现更大的径流减少量。这些策略的各种组合可以达到单个土地用途的 35-55%，以及整个流域的 23%-42%的总雨水减少量。
