Gupta Nitin, Kant Kamla, Mirdha Bijay Ranjan
Dept. of Medicine and Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Dept. of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Iran J Parasitol. 2017 Oct-Dec;12(4):632-637.
Leishmaniasis manifests as visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL) or a dermal sequel of VL, known as Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and laboratory features of cases diagnosed with leishmaniasis.
This hospital-based retrospective study included all cases of VL, PKDL, and CL diagnosed between Jan 2011 to Jan 2016 at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Clinical and laboratory profile of the diagnosed cases were analyzed in detail. All diagnosed cases were mapped according to the state and the district from which the cases originated.
A total of 91 VL cases and 4 PKDL cases were reviewed. Only one case of CL (1 female) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (1 female) were observed during the study period. Majority of the cases of VL (75/91) originated from Bihar. The most common presenting symptoms in all our patients were fever (97.8%), weight loss (40.6%) and abdominal discomfort (17.6%) while the most common presenting signs were hepatosplenomegaly (45.8%), isolated splenomegaly (23.1%) and skin pigmentation (11%). The most common laboratory abnormality was anaemia followed by thrombocytopenia and leucopenia.
VL is globally recognized as a neglected tropical disease. Even after continued effort to bring down its transmission in India, it continues to affect the endemic states with reports from new pockets.
利什曼病表现为内脏型（VL）、皮肤型（CL）或VL的皮肤后遗症，即黑热病后皮肤利什曼病（PKDL）。本研究的目的是分析诊断为利什曼病的病例的临床和实验室特征。
这项基于医院的回顾性研究纳入了2011年1月至2016年1月在新德里全印度医学科学研究所诊断的所有VL、PKDL和CL病例。对确诊病例的临床和实验室资料进行了详细分析。所有确诊病例均根据病例来源的邦和地区进行了定位。
共回顾了91例VL病例和4例PKDL病例。在研究期间仅观察到1例CL（1名女性）和黏膜皮肤利什曼病（1名女性）。大多数VL病例（75/91）来自比哈尔邦。我们所有患者最常见的症状是发热（97.8%）、体重减轻（40.6%）和腹部不适（17.6%），而最常见的体征是肝脾肿大（45.8%）、单纯脾肿大（23.1%）和皮肤色素沉着（11%）。最常见的实验室异常是贫血，其次是血小板减少和白细胞减少。
VL在全球被公认为一种被忽视的热带病。即使在印度持续努力降低其传播率之后，它仍继续影响着流行邦，并有来自新地区的报告。
