Kwok Sze Chai, Fantoni Carlo, Tamburini Laura, Wang Lei, Gerbino Walter
Faculty of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China.
Department of Life Sciences, Psychology Unit "Gaetano Kanizsa", University of Trieste, Italy.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2018 Feb;183:43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.12.013. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
We used a cross-modal priming paradigm to evoke a biphasic effect in visual short-term memory. Participants were required to match the memorandum (a visual shape, either spiky or curvy) to a delayed probe (a shape belonging to the same category). In two-thirds of trials the sequence of shapes was accompanied by a task-irrelevant sound (either tzk or upo, cross-modally correspondent to spiky and curvy shape categories, respectively). The biphasic effect occurred when a congruent vs. incongruent sound was presented 200ms after the memorandum, while it did not occur when the sound was presented 200ms before or simultaneously with it. The biphasic pattern of recognition sensitivities was revealed by an interaction between cross-modal congruency and probe delay, such that sensitivity was higher for visual shapes paired with a congruent rather than incongruent sound with a 300-ms delay, while the opposite was true with a 1300-ms delay. We suggest that this biphasic pattern of recognition sensitivities was dependent on the task-irrelevant sound activating different levels of shape processing as a function of the relative timing of sound, memorandum, and probe.
我们使用了一种跨模态启动范式来在视觉短期记忆中引发双相效应。参与者被要求将记忆项（一个视觉形状，要么是尖的要么是弯曲的）与延迟呈现的探测项（属于同一类别的形状）进行匹配。在三分之二的试验中，形状序列伴随着一个与任务无关的声音（要么是“tzk”，要么是“upo”，分别与尖的和弯曲的形状类别跨模态对应）。当在记忆项之后200毫秒呈现一致或不一致的声音时，会出现双相效应，而当声音在记忆项之前200毫秒或与记忆项同时呈现时，则不会出现双相效应。识别敏感性的双相模式通过跨模态一致性和探测延迟之间的相互作用得以揭示，即对于与一致而非不一致声音配对的视觉形状，在延迟300毫秒时敏感性更高，而在延迟1300毫秒时则相反。我们认为，这种识别敏感性的双相模式取决于与任务无关的声音根据声音、记忆项和探测项的相对时间激活不同水平的形状加工。
