Bouhenia Malika, Farhat Jihane Ben, Coldiron Matthew E, Abdallah Saif, Visentin Delphine, Neuman Michaël, Berthelot Mathilde, Porten Klaudia, Cohuet Sandra
Epicentre, 8 rue Saint-Sabin, Paris, France.
Médecins Sans Frontières, Operational Center Paris, Paris, France.
Int Health. 2017 Nov 1;9(6):335-342. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihx040.
In 2015, more than 1 million refugees arrived in Europe. During their travels, refugees often face harsh conditions, violence and torture in transit countries, but there is a lack of quantitative evidence on their experiences. We present the results of a retrospective survey among refugees in the 'Jungle' of Calais, France, to document their health problems and the violence they endured during their journeys.
We conducted a cross-sectional population-based survey in November and December 2015. The sample size was set at 402 individuals, and geospatial simple random sampling was used. We collected data on demographics, routes travelled, health status, violence and future plans.
Departures from the country of origin increased beginning in September 2015. Sixty-one percent of respondents reported having at least one health problem, especially while in Calais. Overall, 65.6% (95% CI 60.3-70.6) experienced at least one violent event en route; 81.5% of refugees wanted to go to the UK.
This first quantitative survey conducted among refugees in Europe provides important socio-demographic data on refugees living in Calais and describes the high rate of violence they encountered during their journeys. Similar documentation should be repeated throughout Europe in order to better respond to the needs of this vulnerable population.
2015年，超过100万难民抵达欧洲。在旅途中，难民在过境国常常面临恶劣条件、暴力和酷刑，但缺乏关于他们经历的量化证据。我们展示了一项对法国加来“丛林”地区难民的回顾性调查结果，以记录他们的健康问题以及旅途中遭受的暴力。
我们于2015年11月和12月进行了一项基于人群的横断面调查。样本量设定为402人，采用地理空间简单随机抽样。我们收集了有关人口统计学、旅行路线、健康状况、暴力情况和未来计划的数据。
自2015年9月起，离开原籍国的人数开始增加。61%的受访者报告至少有一个健康问题，尤其是在加来期间。总体而言，65.6%（95%置信区间60.3 - 70.6）的人在途中至少经历过一次暴力事件；81.5%的难民想去英国。
这项在欧洲难民中进行的首次量化调查提供了关于居住在加来的难民的重要社会人口数据，并描述了他们在旅途中遭遇的高暴力发生率。欧洲各地应重复进行类似的记录工作，以便更好地满足这一弱势群体的需求。
