Antunes Diego, Rossato Mateus, Kons Rafael Lima, Sakugawa Raphael Luiz, Fischer Gabriela
Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Human Performance Laboratory, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2017 Dec 27;13(6):716-721. doi: 10.12965/jer.1735112.556. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Despite the evolution of runner performance in athletes with cerebral palsy (CP), little is known about neuromuscular parameters of sprinters from different classes, especially related to power output, muscular imbalances and asymmetry indexes in lower limbs. The aim of this study was to assess muscle power, muscular imbalance and asymmetry in sprinters with CP. Four male sprinters with CP (age, 18 to 27 years; body mass, 58.5 to 72.8 kg; height, 161.5 to 174 cm) classified as T38, T37, T36, T35 according to International Paralympic Committee functional classification, performed vertical counter movement jump and squat jump on force plate and isokinetic torque evaluations in both limbs. The concentric peak torque (PT) was measured at 60°/sec, 120°/sec and 180°/sec and PT eccentric at 60°/sec and 120°/sec. The asymmetry indexes, conventional and functional ratios were assessed. the results showed that athletes with more severe impairments (T35 and T36) showed worse performance to muscle power, more muscular imbalance and higher asymmetry in PT between limbs (> 10%). The exception was T37 athlete, who presented the better performance for all variables. it is concluded that CP athletes with more severe impairments showed lower jumping performance and torque production of knee extensors and flexors, they showed greater asymmetries between limbs. Finally, considering the results of T37 athlete, it seems that the athletic training for a longer period can reverse part of the neuromuscular impairments caused by CP.
尽管脑瘫（CP）运动员的跑步成绩有所进步，但对于不同级别短跑运动员的神经肌肉参数，尤其是与下肢功率输出、肌肉失衡和不对称指数相关的参数，人们了解甚少。本研究的目的是评估脑瘫短跑运动员的肌肉力量、肌肉失衡和不对称情况。四名根据国际残奥委会功能分级被归类为T38、T37、T36、T35的男性脑瘫短跑运动员（年龄18至27岁；体重58.5至72.8千克；身高161.5至174厘米），在测力板上进行了垂直反向运动跳和深蹲跳，并对双下肢进行了等速扭矩评估。在60°/秒、120°/秒和180°/秒时测量向心峰值扭矩（PT），在60°/秒和120°/秒时测量离心PT。评估了不对称指数、传统比值和功能比值。结果表明，损伤更严重的运动员（T35和T36）在肌肉力量方面表现更差，肌肉失衡更严重，双下肢PT的不对称性更高（>10%）。例外的是T37级运动员，其在所有变量上表现更佳。研究得出结论，损伤更严重的脑瘫运动员跳跃成绩较低，膝关节伸肌和屈肌的扭矩产生较低，双下肢之间的不对称性更大。最后，考虑到T37级运动员的结果，似乎较长时间的运动训练可以逆转部分由脑瘫引起的神经肌肉损伤。
