Kons Rafael Lima, Sakugawa Raphael Luiz, Rossato Mateus, Diefenthaeler Fernando, Detanico Daniele
Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Human Performance Laboratory, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2019 Feb 25;15(1):60-66. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836566.283. eCollection 2019 Feb.
This study aimed to analyze neuromuscular and postural control in visually and nonvisually impaired judo athletes. Two judo athletes, one visually impaired and the other nonvisually impaired, participated in the study. The athletes presented similar demographic, anthropometric, and judo-technical characteristics. They performed maximal isometric handgrip strength (dominant and nondominant hand), vertical jumps (countermovement jump [CMJ] and squat jump [SJ]), and center of pressure assessment in three positions: neutral, anteroposterior, and judo combat base (). The main findings showed that the visually impaired athlete presented higher standing balance in the neutral and anteroposterior positions than non-visually impaired athlete (effect size [ES]>2.0). In the position, the disparity between both athletes was reduced, particularly in the displacement area (ES=0.52). The visually impaired athlete showed higher performance in the SJ but lesser performance in CMJ and handgrip strength tests than nonimpaired athlete (ES>2.0). We concluded that the postural stability was higher in the visually impaired athlete in the neutral and anteroposterior position, but similar to the nonvisually impaired athlete in position, possible due to the influence of judo practice. Moreover, the visually impaired athlete showed higher performance in the SJ than nonvisually impaired.
本研究旨在分析视力正常和视力受损的柔道运动员的神经肌肉和姿势控制情况。两名柔道运动员参与了该研究，一名视力受损，另一名视力正常。这两名运动员在人口统计学、人体测量学和柔道技术特征方面相似。他们进行了最大等长握力测试（优势手和非优势手）、垂直跳跃测试（反向运动跳[CMJ]和深蹲跳[SJ]），并在三个姿势下进行了压力中心评估：中立位、前后位和柔道战斗姿势。主要研究结果表明，视力受损的运动员在中立位和前后位的站立平衡能力高于视力正常的运动员（效应量[ES]>2.0）。在柔道战斗姿势下，两名运动员之间的差距减小，尤其是在位移区域（ES=0.52）。视力受损的运动员在深蹲跳测试中的表现优于视力正常的运动员，但在反向运动跳和握力测试中的表现不如视力正常的运动员（ES>2.0）。我们得出结论，视力受损的运动员在中立位和前后位的姿势稳定性较高，但在柔道战斗姿势下与视力正常的运动员相似，这可能是由于柔道训练的影响。此外，视力受损的运动员在深蹲跳测试中的表现优于视力正常的运动员。
