Ko Kyung-Seok, Koh Dong-Chan, Kong In Chul
Groundwater Department, Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Korea.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungman University, Kyungbuk 38541, Korea.
Materials (Basel). 2018 Jan 12;11(1):121. doi: 10.3390/ma11010121.
The toxic effects of individual and binary mixtures of five metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were evaluated based on changes in two endpoints of algal growth: the cell count and chlorophyll content. Various effects were observed according to the concentration tested and type of NPs, and there were no significant differences in findings for the two endpoints. In general, ZnO NPs caused the greatest inhibition of algal growth, and Fe₂O₃ NPs the least. The EC for ZnO was 2.0 mg/L for the cell count and 2.6 mg/L for the chlorophyll content, and it was 76 and 90 mg/L, respectively, for Fe₂O₃. The EC values were in the order ZnO > NiO > CuO > TiO₂ > Fe₂O₃. Subsequently, the effects of 30 binary mixture combinations on the chlorophyll content were evaluated. Comparisons were made between the observed and the expected toxicities calculated based on the individual NP toxicities. Overall, additive action (67%) was mainly observed, followed by antagonistic (16.5%) and synergistic (16.5%) actions. These results suggest that environmental exposure to NP mixtures may cause toxicity levels similar to the sum of those of the constituent NPs.
基于藻类生长的两个终点变化，即细胞计数和叶绿素含量，评估了五种金属氧化物纳米颗粒（NPs）的单一及二元混合物的毒性效应。根据测试浓度和纳米颗粒类型观察到了各种效应，并且两个终点的研究结果没有显著差异。一般来说，氧化锌纳米颗粒对藻类生长的抑制作用最大，而氧化铁纳米颗粒最小。氧化锌对细胞计数的半数效应浓度（EC）为2.0毫克/升，对叶绿素含量的EC为2.6毫克/升，而氧化铁的EC分别为76毫克/升和90毫克/升。EC值顺序为氧化锌>氧化镍>氧化铜>二氧化钛>氧化铁。随后，评估了30种二元混合物组合对叶绿素含量的影响。对观察到的毒性与根据单个纳米颗粒毒性计算出的预期毒性进行了比较。总体而言，主要观察到加和作用（67%），其次是拮抗作用（16.5%）和协同作用（16.5%）。这些结果表明，环境中纳米颗粒混合物的暴露可能导致与组成纳米颗粒毒性总和相似的毒性水平。
