Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Mar 15;210:114-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.084. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
Modern food processing results in considerable amounts of side-products, such as grape seeds, walnut shells, spent coffee grounds, and harvested tomato plants. These materials are still rich in valuable and biologically active substances and therefore of interest from the perspective of waste management and "up-cycling". In contrast to traditional, often time consuming and low-value uses, such as vermicomposting and anaerobic digestion, the complete conversion into nanosuspensions unlocks considerable potentials of and new applications for such already spent organic materials without the need of extraction and without producing any additional waste. In this study, nanosuspensions were produced using a sequence of milling and homogenization methods, including High Speed Stirring (HSS) and High Pressure Homogenization (HPH) which reduced the size of the particles to 200-400 nm. The resulting nanosuspensions demonstrated nematicidal and antimicrobial activity and their antioxidant activities exceeded the ones of the bulk materials. In the future, this simple nanosizing approach may fulfil several important objectives, such as reducing and turning readily available waste into new value and eventually closing a crucial cycle of agricultural products returning to their fields - with a resounding ecological impact in the fields of medicine, agriculture, cosmetics and fermentation. Moreover, up-cycling via nanosizing adds an economical promise of increased value to residue-free waste management.
现代食品加工会产生大量的副产品，如葡萄籽、核桃壳、用过的咖啡渣和收获的番茄植株。这些材料仍然富含有价值的和生物活性物质，因此从废物管理和“升级利用”的角度来看，它们很有意义。与传统的、往往耗时且低价值的用途（如蚯蚓堆肥和厌氧消化）相比，完全转化为纳米混悬剂可以为这些已经使用过的有机材料解锁相当大的潜力和新的应用，而无需提取，也不会产生任何额外的废物。在这项研究中，纳米混悬剂是通过一系列的研磨和均化方法生产的，包括高速搅拌（HSS）和高压匀化（HPH），将颗粒尺寸减小到 200-400nm。所得纳米混悬剂表现出杀线虫和抗菌活性，其抗氧化活性超过了块状材料。在未来，这种简单的纳米化方法可能会实现几个重要的目标，例如减少并将现成的废物转化为新的价值，并最终完成农产品返回其领域的关键循环——对医学、农业、化妆品和发酵领域产生重大的生态影响。此外，通过纳米化进行升级利用为无残留废物管理增加了增加价值的经济前景。
