Jiang Shumeng, Li Sabrina Cloud, Huang Chenyu, Chan Barbara Pui, Du Yanan
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2018 Mar;7(6):e1700894. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201700894. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
Porous bioscaffolds are applied to facilitate skin repair since the early 1990s, but a perfect regeneration outcome has yet to be achieved. Until now, most efforts have focused on modulating the chemical properties of bioscaffolds, while physical properties are traditionally overlooked. Recent advances in mechanobiology and mechanotherapy have highlighted the importance of biomaterials' physical properties in the regulation of cellular behaviors and regenerative processes. In skin repair, the mechanical and structural features of porous bioscaffolds are two major physical properties that determine therapeutic efficacy. Here, first an overview of natural skin repair with an emphasis on the major biophysically sensitive cell types involved in this multistage process is provided, followed by an introduction of the four roles of bioscaffolds as skin implants. Then, how the mechanical and structural features of bioscaffolds influence these four roles is discussed. The mechanical and structural features of porous bioscaffolds should be tailored to balance the acceleration of wound closure and functional improvements of the repaired skin. This study emphasizes that decoupling and precise control of the mechanical and structural features of bioscaffolds are significant aspects that should be considered in future biomaterial optimization, which can build a foundation to ultimately achieve perfect skin regeneration outcomes.
自20世纪90年代初以来，多孔生物支架就被用于促进皮肤修复，但尚未实现完美的再生效果。到目前为止，大多数努力都集中在调节生物支架的化学性质上，而物理性质传统上被忽视了。机械生物学和机械疗法的最新进展突出了生物材料物理性质在调节细胞行为和再生过程中的重要性。在皮肤修复中，多孔生物支架的机械和结构特征是决定治疗效果的两个主要物理性质。在此，首先概述自然皮肤修复，重点介绍参与这一多阶段过程的主要生物物理敏感细胞类型，然后介绍生物支架作为皮肤植入物的四个作用。接着，讨论生物支架的机械和结构特征如何影响这四个作用。多孔生物支架的机械和结构特征应进行调整，以平衡伤口闭合的加速和修复皮肤的功能改善。本研究强调，生物支架机械和结构特征的解耦和精确控制是未来生物材料优化中应考虑的重要方面，这可为最终实现完美的皮肤再生效果奠定基础。
