Lanno Georg-Marten, Ramos Celia, Preem Liis, Putrinš Marta, Laidmäe Ivo, Tenson Tanel, Kogermann Karin
Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
ACS Omega. 2020 Nov 12;5(46):30011-30022. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04402. eCollection 2020 Nov 24.
Electrospun fiber scaffolds have a huge potential for the successful treatment of infected wounds based on their unique properties. Although several studies report novel drug-loaded electrospun fiber-based biomaterials, many of these do not provide information on their interactions with eukaryotic and bacterial cells. The main aim of this study was to develop antibacterial drug-loaded porous biocompatible polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber scaffolds mimicking the native extracellular matrix for wound healing purposes. Mechanical property evaluation and different biorelevant tests were conducted in order to understand the structure-activity relationships and reveal how the surface porosity of fibers and the fiber diameter affect the scaffold interactions with the living bacterial and eukaryotic fibroblast cells. Cell migration and proliferation assays and antibiofilm assays enabled us to enlighten the biocompatibility and safety of fiber scaffolds and their suitability to be used as scaffolds for the treatment of infected wounds. Here, we report that porous PCL microfiber scaffolds obtained using electrospinning at high relative humidity served as the best surfaces for fibroblast attachment and growth compared to the nonporous microfiber or nonporous nanofiber PCL scaffolds. Porous chloramphenicol-loaded microfiber scaffolds were more elastic compared to nonporous scaffolds and had the highest antibiofilm activity. The results indicate that in addition to the fiber diameter and fiber scaffold porosity, the single-fiber surface porosity and its effect on drug release, mechanical properties, cell viability, and antibiofilm activity need to be understood when developing antibacterial biocompatible scaffolds for wound healing applications. We show that pores on single fibers within an electrospun scaffold, in addition to nano- and microscale diameter of the fibers, change the living cell-fiber interactions affecting the antibiofilm efficacy and biocompatibility of the scaffolds for the local treatment of wounds.
基于其独特性能，电纺纤维支架在成功治疗感染伤口方面具有巨大潜力。尽管有几项研究报道了新型载药电纺纤维基生物材料，但其中许多并未提供它们与真核细胞和细菌细胞相互作用的信息。本研究的主要目的是开发用于伤口愈合的载抗菌药物的多孔生物相容性聚己内酯（PCL）纤维支架，以模拟天然细胞外基质。进行了力学性能评估和不同的生物相关测试，以了解结构 - 活性关系，并揭示纤维的表面孔隙率和纤维直径如何影响支架与活细菌和成纤维细胞的相互作用。细胞迁移和增殖试验以及抗生物膜试验使我们能够阐明纤维支架的生物相容性和安全性，以及它们作为治疗感染伤口支架的适用性。在此，我们报告，与无孔微纤维或无孔纳米纤维PCL支架相比，在高相对湿度下通过电纺获得的多孔PCL微纤维支架是成纤维细胞附着和生长的最佳表面。与无孔支架相比，载有氯霉素的多孔微纤维支架更具弹性，并且具有最高的抗生物膜活性。结果表明，在开发用于伤口愈合应用的抗菌生物相容性支架时，除了纤维直径和纤维支架孔隙率外，还需要了解单纤维表面孔隙率及其对药物释放、力学性能、细胞活力和抗生物膜活性的影响。我们表明，电纺支架内单纤维上的孔隙，除了纤维的纳米和微米尺度直径外，还会改变活细胞与纤维的相互作用，从而影响支架用于局部伤口治疗的抗生物膜功效和生物相容性。
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