Confortin Tássia C, Todero Izelmar, Soares Juliana F, Luft Luciana, Brun Thiarles, Rabuske Jéssica E, Nogueira Cicero U, Mazutti Marcio A, Zabot Giovani L, Tres Marcus V
a Department of Agricultural Engineering , Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil.
b Department of Chemical Engineering , Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil.
Environ Technol. 2019 May;40(13):1668-1675. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1427800. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
Fungi are considered the most damaging microorganisms in agriculture. The indiscriminate use of chemical treatments in agricultural products causes the development of pest resistance and affects human health. An alternative to synthetic fungicides is the use of natural products such as plant extracts for the management of fungal diseases in plants. Extracts from different parts of Lupinus albescens (roots, stalks, leaves, and flowers) were obtained by extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide (CO) or compressed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Thereafter, the antioxidant activity of each extract was measured, and the antifungal activity in vitro of extracts was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides. For a concentration of 5000 mg/L, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) ranged from 29.25 μg/mL to 192.96 μg/mL. Antifungal tests showed that all matrices presented inhibitory effect against both fungi tested. The extracts obtained from roots by CO and LPG presented 70.1% and 65.1% inhibition against F. oxysporum, and 67.8% and 61.2% inhibition against F. verticillioides, respectively. These results suggest that the extracts obtained from L. albescens by extractions using supercritical CO and compressed LPG might be a potential source of antioxidants and natural fungicides.
真菌被认为是农业中最具破坏性的微生物。在农产品中不加区分地使用化学处理会导致害虫产生抗药性，并影响人类健康。合成杀菌剂的一种替代方法是使用天然产物，如植物提取物来管理植物中的真菌病害。通过使用超临界二氧化碳（CO）或压缩液化石油气（LPG）进行提取，获得了白羽扇豆不同部位（根、茎、叶和花）的提取物。此后，测量了每种提取物的抗氧化活性，并评估了提取物对尖孢镰刀菌和轮枝镰刀菌的体外抗真菌活性。对于5000 mg/L的浓度，半数最大抑制浓度（IC）范围为29.25 μg/mL至192.96 μg/mL。抗真菌试验表明，所有基质对所测试的两种真菌均呈现抑制作用。通过CO和LPG从根中获得的提取物对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制率分别为70.1%和65.1%，对轮枝镰刀菌的抑制率分别为67.8%和61.2%。这些结果表明，通过使用超临界CO和压缩LPG提取从白羽扇豆中获得的提取物可能是抗氧化剂和天然杀菌剂的潜在来源。
