Medical Gerontology Laboratory, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Front Public Health. 2021 Apr 21;9:610184. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.610184. eCollection 2021.
Deterioration in muscle mass and muscle strength is common among the frail older persons, cause functional dependence and decrease in the quality of life. Therefore, the identification of cost-effective interventions to prevent or ameliorate frailty is crucially needed. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a Community-based Muscle Strengthening Exercise (COME) program to increase muscle strength among pre-frail older persons. This study was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 32 older persons aged 60 years and older with pre-frail symptoms were recruited from the community center. The COME was developed based on the Growing Stronger program and the Otago Home Exercise Program. COME was designed to strengthen all of the major muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. The exercise program was conducted for 12 weeks and divided into 3 parts; (1) to strengthen the body slowly and gently, using only body weight, (2) to introduce dumbbells and ankle weights to increase strength and (3) to add various new ways to boost strength even more. Functional tests were measured before and after the intervention. The results revealed non-significant -value for pre- and post-intervention comparison for all study outcomes. Observing the values of mean difference, the study intervention was shown to have slightly improved the time up and go (Mean difference = -0.25), and sit-to-stand duration (Mean difference = -0.41) as well as the handgrip strength (Mean difference = 0.68) among the participants. On the assessment of Cohen ES, all three improvements exhibited small effect sizes. Sit-to-stand duration was shown to have most benefited from the intervention with highest ES among the outcome variables (ES = 0.20). COME intervention program among pre-frail older persons showed favorable trend toward improvement of upper and lower extremities muscle strength. This study should be further tested in randomized control trial to confirm its effectiveness.
肌肉质量和肌肉力量的下降在体弱老年人中很常见，会导致功能依赖和生活质量下降。因此，迫切需要确定具有成本效益的干预措施来预防或改善虚弱。本研究旨在确定基于社区的肌肉强化运动（COME）计划在增加虚弱前期老年人肌肉力量方面的有效性。本研究为准实验研究。共招募了 32 名年龄在 60 岁及以上有虚弱前期症状的老年人，他们来自社区中心。COME 是根据“越来越强壮”计划和奥塔哥家庭运动计划开发的。COME 旨在强化上下肢的所有主要肌肉群。该运动计划持续 12 周，分为 3 个部分；（1）用体重缓慢而温和地增强身体，（2）引入哑铃和脚踝重量以增加力量，（3）增加各种新方法以进一步提高力量。在干预前后测量了功能测试。结果显示，所有研究结果的干预前后比较均无统计学意义。观察均值差的数值，研究干预显示，参与者的上下起坐时间（平均差异=-0.25）和从座位到站立的持续时间（平均差异=-0.41）以及握力（平均差异=0.68）略有改善。根据 Cohen ES 的评估，所有这三项改进都表现出较小的效果量。从干预中受益最大的是从座位到站立的持续时间，在结果变量中具有最高的 ES（ES=0.20）。在虚弱前期老年人中进行的 COME 干预计划显示出改善上下肢肌肉力量的有利趋势。这项研究应该在随机对照试验中进一步测试，以确认其有效性。
