代谢手术如何施展其魔力？肠道微生物组的新证据。
How does 'metabolic surgery' work its magic? New evidence for gut microbiota.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2018 Apr;25(2):81-86. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000392.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Metabolic surgery is recommended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes for its potent ability to improve glycemic control. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of metabolic surgery are still under investigation. We provide an updated review of recent studies into the molecular underpinnings of metabolic surgery, focusing in on what is known about the role of gut microbiota. Over the last 7 years several reports have been published on the topic, however the field is expanding rapidly.
RECENT FINDINGS
Studies have now linked the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, neuronal and intestinal adaptations, and hormonal and nutrient signaling pathways to gut microbiota. Given that the composition of gut microbiota is altered by metabolic surgery, investigating the potential mechanism and outcomes of this change are now a priority to the field.
SUMMARY
As evidence for a role for microbiota builds, we expect future patients may receive microbe-based therapeutics to improve surgical outcomes and perhaps one day preclude the need for surgical therapies all together. In this review and perspective, we evaluate the current state of the field and its future.
目的综述
代谢手术因其改善血糖控制的强大能力而被推荐用于治疗 2 型糖尿病。然而，代谢手术有益效果的机制仍在研究中。我们提供了对代谢手术分子基础的最新研究的更新综述，重点介绍了肠道微生物群的已知作用。在过去的 7 年中，已经有几篇关于该主题的报告发表，但该领域正在迅速发展。
最新发现
研究现在已经将葡萄糖和脂质代谢、神经元和肠道适应以及激素和营养信号通路的调节与肠道微生物群联系起来。鉴于代谢手术改变了肠道微生物群的组成，因此调查这种变化的潜在机制和结果现在是该领域的当务之急。
总结
随着微生物群作用证据的增加，我们预计未来患者可能会接受基于微生物的治疗方法来改善手术效果，也许有一天甚至可以完全避免手术治疗。在这篇综述和观点中，我们评估了该领域的现状及其未来。
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