a Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology , Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA.
b Department of Medicine , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.
Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2018 Mar;13(3):249-257. doi: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1426567. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease classified into five subtypes, each with a different molecular profile. Most cases of ovarian cancer are diagnosed after metastasis of the primary tumor and are resistant to traditional platinum-based chemotherapeutics. Mouse models of ovarian cancer have been utilized to discern ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and the tumor's response to therapeutics. Areas covered: The authors provide a review of mouse models currently employed to understand ovarian cancer. This article focuses on advances in the development of orthotopic and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse models of ovarian cancer and discusses current humanized mouse models of ovarian cancer. Expert opinion: The authors suggest that humanized mouse models of ovarian cancer will provide new insight into the role of the human immune system in combating and augmenting ovarian cancer and aid in the development of novel therapeutics. Development of humanized mouse models will take advantage of the NSG and NSG-SGM3 strains of mice as well as new strains that are actively being derived.
上皮性卵巢癌是一种异质性疾病，可分为五个亚型，每个亚型具有不同的分子特征。大多数卵巢癌病例在原发肿瘤转移后被诊断出来，并且对传统的铂类化疗药物具有耐药性。已利用卵巢癌的小鼠模型来辨别卵巢癌的肿瘤发生和肿瘤对治疗的反应。
作者对目前用于了解卵巢癌的小鼠模型进行了综述。本文重点介绍了用于理解卵巢癌的原位和患者来源的肿瘤异种移植（PDX）小鼠模型的进展，并讨论了目前的卵巢癌人源化小鼠模型。
作者认为，卵巢癌的人源化小鼠模型将为人类免疫系统在对抗和增强卵巢癌中的作用提供新的见解，并有助于开发新的治疗方法。人源化小鼠模型的开发将利用 NSG 和 NSG-SGM3 品系的小鼠以及正在积极衍生的新型品系。
