Kroniņa Līga, Rasčevska Malgožata, Care Rūta
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University Dzirciema 20, Rīga, LV-1007.
Stomatologija. 2017;19(3):84-90.
Authors developed an idea of seven blocks with different psychosocial factors that could correlate with children's dental anxiety and explain its variance. Aim of the study was to evaluate correlation between psychosocial factors and children's dental anxiety. Totally, 240 randomly selected children (mean age M=7.96, SD=2.61, range 4 to 12) and their parents took part in the study. Parents evaluated their own (MDAS) and their children's anxiety (CFSS-DS). Psychosocial factors were evaluated by a large questionnaire, developed for this study. Dental status was fixed and child's behavior in dental setting was evaluated with Frankl's scale. Pearson's correlation of CDA with all variables and stepwise linear regression with the correlating variables within the seven psychosocial factor blocks was performed. Dental experience and attitude factors (crying at dentist and dental treatment with difficulties) as well as Children's personality and behavior factors (general anxiety and children's behavior at dentist) gave the most effect on CDA, totally explaining 56% and 54% of variance, respectively. Children's medical experience and attitude factors (anxiety and caution towards doctors) as well as Parental/information factors (parental dental anxiety, promising prizes before treatment) explained 34% and 31% of CDA variance, respectively. Socio-economic factors (number of children and mother's age) explained 15%, but oral care habits and attitude (brushing as obligation) - 14% of CDA variance. Family distress factors had no correlation with CDA and were excluded of further analysis. Children's dental anxiety variance is at best explained by Child's dental experience and attitude factors and Child's personality and behavior factors.
作者提出了七个包含不同心理社会因素的模块的想法，这些因素可能与儿童的牙科焦虑相关，并解释其差异。本研究的目的是评估心理社会因素与儿童牙科焦虑之间的相关性。共有240名随机选择的儿童（平均年龄M = 7.96，标准差SD = 2.61，年龄范围4至12岁）及其父母参与了该研究。父母评估了自己的焦虑（MDAS）和孩子的焦虑（CFSS-DS）。心理社会因素通过为本研究编制的一份大型问卷进行评估。记录牙科状况，并使用弗兰克尔量表评估儿童在牙科环境中的行为。对儿童牙科焦虑（CDA）与所有变量进行了Pearson相关性分析，并对七个心理社会因素模块中的相关变量进行了逐步线性回归分析。牙科经历和态度因素（在牙医处哭泣和治疗困难）以及儿童的个性和行为因素（一般焦虑和在牙医处的行为）对儿童牙科焦虑的影响最大，分别解释了56%和54%的差异。儿童的医疗经历和态度因素（对医生的焦虑和谨慎）以及父母/信息因素（父母的牙科焦虑、治疗前承诺奖励）分别解释了儿童牙科焦虑差异的34%和31%。社会经济因素（孩子数量和母亲年龄）解释了15%，但口腔护理习惯和态度（将刷牙视为义务）解释了儿童牙科焦虑差异的14%。家庭困扰因素与儿童牙科焦虑无相关性，因此被排除在进一步分析之外。儿童牙科焦虑差异最好由儿童的牙科经历和态度因素以及儿童的个性和行为因素来解释。
