Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Oasis Eco-agriculture Key Laboratory / Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Agronomy College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Science, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(9):9155-9164. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1226-9. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors can reduce nitrogen (N) loss in agriculture soil. However, the effect of inhibitors on soil NO emissions under the drip irrigation system remains unclear. A pot and a field experiment with two inhibitors were conducted to explore how inhibitors regulate soil nitrogen transformation and NO emissions. In the pot experiment, three treatments included control, urea, and urea + N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT, urease inhibitor). In the field experiment, three treatments included control, urea, and urea + NBPT + 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (nitrapyrin, nitrification inhibitor). The urease inhibition rate in the treatment of urea + NBPT was 27.5% at the 14th day of incubation (pot experiment), and NH-N was significantly decreased by 37-64% compared with urea alone treatment. In the field experiment, the nitrification inhibition rate in the treatment of urea + NBPT + nitrapyrin was 47.7 and 63.9% on the 3rd day after fertilization at the wheat heading and filling stages, respectively. Compared to urea treatment, NO-N concentration in the double-inhibitor-added treatment was significantly decreased by 32 and 20% on the 5th day after fertilization at the heading and filling stages, respectively; NO fluxes were also decreased by 30.9 and 33.3% at the two stages of wheat, respectively. In total, adding an inhibitor reduced N loss by 7.39 and 7.44% at the 14th and 35th day in the pot experiment and by 10.53 and 6.65% at the two growing stages of wheat in the field experiment, respectively. Path and correlation analysis showed that NO emissions were significantly correlated with soil NO in both pot and field experiments.
脲酶抑制剂和硝化抑制剂可减少农业土壤中的氮（N）损失。然而，抑制剂对滴灌系统下土壤 NO 排放的影响尚不清楚。通过盆栽和田间试验，采用两种抑制剂来探究抑制剂如何调节土壤氮转化和 NO 排放。盆栽试验中，设置 3 个处理，分别为对照、尿素和尿素+N-（正丁基）硫代磷酰三胺（NBPT，脲酶抑制剂）。田间试验中，设置 3 个处理，分别为对照、尿素和尿素+NBPT+2-氯-6-（三氯甲基）吡啶（硝化抑制剂）。盆栽试验第 14 天，NBPT 处理下脲酶抑制率为 27.5%，与单独尿素处理相比，NH4+-N 降低了 37-64%。田间试验中，小麦孕穗期和灌浆期施肥后第 3 天，尿素+NBPT+硝化抑制剂处理的硝化抑制率分别为 47.7%和 63.9%。与单独尿素处理相比，双抑制剂添加处理的 NO3--N 浓度在施肥后第 5 天分别降低了 32%和 20%，两个生育期的 NO 通量分别降低了 30.9%和 33.3%。总体而言，抑制剂添加分别减少了盆栽试验第 14 天和第 35 天 7.39%和 7.44%的 N 损失，田间试验小麦两个生育期分别减少了 10.53%和 6.65%的 N 损失。路径和相关性分析表明，盆栽和田间试验中，NO 排放与土壤 NO 均显著相关。
