a Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China.
b Beijing Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences , Beijing Normal University , Beijing , China.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2018 Nov;38(7):989-1002. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1425662. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
Lignocellulosic biomass is a valuable raw material. As technology has evolved, industrial interest in new ways to take advantage of this raw material has grown. Biomass is treated with different microbial cells or enzymes under ideal industrial conditions to produce the desired products. Xylanases are the key enzymes that degrade the xylosidic linkages in the xylan backbone of the biomass, and commercial enzymes are categorized into different glycoside hydrolase families. Thermophilic microorganisms are excellent sources of industrially relevant thermostable enzymes that can withstand the harsh conditions of industrial processing. Thermostable xylanases display high-specific activity at elevated temperatures and distinguish themselves in biochemical properties, structures, and modes of action from their mesophilic counterparts. Natural xylanases can be further improved through genetic engineering. Rapid progress with genome editing, writing, and synthetic biological techniques have provided unlimited potential to produce thermophilic xylanases in their natural hosts or cell factories including bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi. This review will discuss the biotechnological potential of xylanases from thermophilic microorganisms and the ways they are being optimized and produced for various industrial applications.
木质纤维素生物质是一种有价值的原料。随着技术的发展，人们对利用这种原料的新方法产生了浓厚的兴趣。在理想的工业条件下，生物质用不同的微生物细胞或酶进行处理，以生产所需的产品。木聚糖酶是降解生物质木聚糖骨架中木糖苷键的关键酶，商业酶根据不同的糖苷水解酶家族进行分类。嗜热微生物是工业相关耐热酶的极好来源，这些酶能够承受工业加工的苛刻条件。耐热木聚糖酶在高温下表现出高比活性，并且在生化特性、结构和作用模式上与中温木聚糖酶不同。天然木聚糖酶可以通过遗传工程进一步改进。基因组编辑、写入和合成生物学技术的快速进展为在其自然宿主或细胞工厂（包括细菌、酵母和丝状真菌）中生产耐热木聚糖酶提供了无限的潜力。本文将讨论来自嗜热微生物的木聚糖酶的生物技术潜力，以及为各种工业应用优化和生产木聚糖酶的方法。
