Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
Work Group Neglected Tropical Diseases, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.
Biol Lett. 2018 Jan;14(1). doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0729.
Intergeneric hybridization and introgression was reported from one of two populations of the recently discovered kipunji (), a critically endangered African monkey species of southern Tanzania. Kipunjis of the introgressed population (from Mount Rungwe) carry a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype closely related to those of parapatric yellow baboons (), whereas the second kipunji population, in the Udzungwa Mountains, carries the original kipunji mtDNA haplotypes, which diverged from the baboon lineage about 3 million years ago. Interestingly, in our study of yellow baboons in Tanzania, we found that baboons from the southeastern boundary of the Udzungwa Mountains carry mtDNA haplotypes closely related to the original kipunji haplotype, whereas baboons from the northern boundary, as expected, carry mtDNA haplotypes of the northern yellow baboon clade. These findings provide evidence for a case of inverted intergeneric admixture in primates: (i) a baboon mtDNA haplotype introgressed the Mount Rungwe kipunji population by mitochondrial capture and (ii) an Udzungwa Mountains kipunji mtDNA haplotype introgressed a small subpopulation of yellow baboons by either mitochondrial capture or nuclear swamping. The baboon-kipunji example therefore constitutes an interesting system for further studies of the effects of genetic admixture on fitness and speciation.
种间杂交和基因渗入现象曾在坦桑尼亚南部新近发现的一种极度濒危的非洲猴种——基彭吉猴（）的两个种群中报道过。基因渗入种群（来自伦圭山）的基彭吉猴携带着与近缘的黄狒狒（）的线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）单倍型密切相关的 mtDNA 单倍型，而在乌宗果山脉的第二个基彭吉猴种群则携带着原始的基彭吉 mtDNA 单倍型，这些单倍型与狒狒谱系在大约 300 万年前就已经分化开了。有趣的是，在我们对坦桑尼亚黄狒狒的研究中，我们发现乌宗果山脉东南边界的狒狒携带的 mtDNA 单倍型与原始的基彭吉单倍型密切相关，而在北部边界的狒狒，如预期的那样，携带北方黄狒狒支系的 mtDNA 单倍型。这些发现为灵长类动物中发生的倒位种间杂交现象提供了证据：（i）黄狒狒的 mtDNA 单倍型通过线粒体捕获渗入了伦圭山的基彭吉猴种群；（ii）乌宗果山脉的基彭吉猴 mtDNA 单倍型通过线粒体捕获或核取代渗入了一小部分黄狒狒种群。因此，狒狒-基彭吉猴的例子构成了一个有趣的系统，可以进一步研究遗传杂交对适应性和物种形成的影响。
