Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BMC Ecol Evol. 2022 Apr 11;22(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s12862-022-01999-7.
Gorongosa National Park in Mozambique hosts a large population of baboons, numbering over 200 troops. Gorongosa baboons have been tentatively identified as part of Papio ursinus on the basis of previous limited morphological analysis and a handful of mitochondrial DNA sequences. However, a recent morphological and morphometric analysis of Gorongosa baboons pinpointed the occurrence of several traits intermediate between P. ursinus and P. cynocephalus, leaving open the possibility of past and/or ongoing gene flow in the baboon population of Gorongosa National Park. In order to investigate the evolutionary history of baboons in Gorongosa, we generated high and low coverage whole genome sequence data of Gorongosa baboons and compared it to available Papio genomes.
We confirmed that P. ursinus is the species closest to Gorongosa baboons. However, the Gorongosa baboon genomes share more derived alleles with P. cynocephalus than P. ursinus does, but no recent gene flow between P. ursinus and P. cynocephalus was detected when available Papio genomes were analyzed. Our results, based on the analysis of autosomal, mitochondrial and Y chromosome data, suggest complex, possibly male-biased, gene flow between Gorongosa baboons and P. cynocephalus, hinting to direct or indirect contributions from baboons belonging to the "northern" Papio clade, and signal the presence of population structure within P. ursinus.
The analysis of genome data generated from baboon samples collected in central Mozambique highlighted a complex set of evolutionary relationships with other baboons. Our results provided new insights in the population dynamics that have shaped baboon diversity.
莫桑比克的戈龙戈萨国家公园栖息着大量的狒狒，数量超过 200 只。戈龙戈萨狒狒之前基于有限的形态分析和少数线粒体 DNA 序列，被暂定为乌氏狒狒的一部分。然而，最近对戈龙戈萨狒狒的形态和形态计量学分析指出，存在几种特征处于乌氏狒狒和食蟹长尾猴之间的中间状态，这使得戈龙戈萨国家公园的狒狒群体中存在过去和/或正在发生基因流动的可能性。为了研究戈龙戈萨狒狒的进化历史，我们生成了戈龙戈萨狒狒的高覆盖度和低覆盖度全基因组序列数据，并将其与现有的狒狒基因组进行了比较。
我们证实乌氏狒狒是与戈龙戈萨狒狒最接近的物种。然而，戈龙戈萨狒狒的基因组与食蟹长尾猴共享更多的衍生等位基因，而与乌氏狒狒相比则较少，但在分析现有的狒狒基因组时，没有检测到乌氏狒狒和食蟹长尾猴之间的近期基因流动。我们的结果基于常染色体、线粒体和 Y 染色体数据的分析表明，戈龙戈萨狒狒与食蟹长尾猴之间存在复杂的、可能偏向雄性的基因流动，暗示来自“北部”狒狒属的狒狒有直接或间接的贡献，并表明乌氏狒狒群体内部存在种群结构。
对在莫桑比克中部采集的狒狒样本的基因组数据进行分析，突出了与其他狒狒之间复杂的进化关系。我们的研究结果为塑造狒狒多样性的种群动态提供了新的见解。
