Calabrese Edward J
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill I, N344, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
J Cell Commun Signal. 2018 Mar;12(1):31-34. doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0447-5. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
The interaction of background disease processes with environmental induced diseases has long been an issue of considerable interest and debate with respect to its impact on risk assessment. Whether and to what extent these processes should be considered independent or additive to background has been the principal focus of debate. The concept of hormesis, a biphasic dose response characterized by a low dose stimulation and a high dose inhibition, as framed within the context of post-conditioning, reveal the occurrence of a third type of "background" possibility, that of "subtraction to background". This novel application of the hormesis concept, which is framed within the biological context of post-conditioning adaptive processes, offers considerable implications for the assessment of aging and environmental risk assessment.
背景疾病过程与环境诱发疾病之间的相互作用，长期以来一直是一个备受关注且存在争议的问题，涉及到其对风险评估的影响。这些过程是否以及在何种程度上应被视为独立于背景或与背景相加，一直是辩论的主要焦点。兴奋效应的概念，即一种以低剂量刺激和高剂量抑制为特征的双相剂量反应，在后适应的背景下形成，揭示了第三种“背景”可能性的存在，即“从背景中减去”。兴奋效应概念在适应性后适应过程的生物学背景下的这种新应用，对衰老评估和环境风险评估具有重大意义。
