Lempereur L, Sohier C, Smeets F, Maréchal F, Berkvens D, Madder M, Francis F, Losson B
Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Med Vet Entomol. 2018 Sep;32(3):298-303. doi: 10.1111/mve.12297. Epub 2018 Jan 18.
The dispersion potential of mechanical vectors is an important factor in the dissemination of pathogens. A mark-release-recapture experiment was implemented using two groups (unfed and partially fed) of the Tabanidae (Diptera) (Haematopota spp.) and biting Muscidae (Diptera) (Stomoxys calcitrans) most frequently collected in Belgium in order to evaluate their dispersion potential. In total, 2104 specimens of Haematopota spp. were collected directly from horses and 5396 S. calcitrans were collected in a cattle farm using hand-nets. Some of these insects were partially fed in vitro and all were subsequently coloured. Overall, 67 specimens of S. calcitrans (1.2%) and 17 of Haematopota spp. (0.8%) were recaptured directly on horses. Stomoxys calcitrans flew maximum distances of 150 m and 300 m when partially fed and unfed, respectively. Haematopota spp. travelled maximum distances of 100 m and 200 m when partially fed and unfed, respectively. Segregation measures seem essential in order to reduce the risk for pathogen transmission. A distance of 150 m appears to be the minimum required for segregation to avoid the risk for mechanical transmission, but in areas of higher vector density, this should probably be increased.
机械性传播媒介的扩散潜能是病原体传播的一个重要因素。为了评估其扩散潜能，对比利时最常采集到的两类昆虫（双翅目虻科（血蝇属）和叮咬类蝇科（厩螫蝇））进行了标记释放再捕获实验，其中一组未进食，另一组部分进食。总共直接从马身上采集了2104只血蝇属标本，并用手网在一个养牛场采集了5396只厩螫蝇。其中一些昆虫在体外进行了部分喂食，随后全部进行了染色。总体而言，直接在马身上重新捕获了67只厩螫蝇（1.2%）和17只血蝇属（0.8%）。厩螫蝇在部分进食和未进食时飞行的最大距离分别为150米和300米。血蝇属在部分进食和未进食时移动的最大距离分别为100米和200米。为降低病原体传播风险，隔离措施似乎至关重要。150米的距离似乎是避免机械传播风险所需的最小隔离距离，但在病媒密度较高的地区，这一距离可能需要增加。
