University of California, Merced.
University of California, San Diego.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2018 May;30(5):634-643. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01237. Epub 2018 Jan 18.
There is growing interest in how the brain's motor systems contribute to the perception of musical rhythms. The Action Simulation for Auditory Prediction hypothesis proposes that the dorsal auditory stream is involved in bidirectional interchange between auditory perception and beat-based prediction in motor planning structures via parietal cortex [Patel, A. D., & Iversen, J. R. The evolutionary neuroscience of musical beat perception: The Action Simulation for Auditory Prediction (ASAP) hypothesis. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 8, 57, 2014]. We used a TMS protocol, continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), that is known to down-regulate cortical activity for up to 60 min following stimulation to test for causal contributions to beat-based timing perception. cTBS target areas included the left posterior parietal cortex (lPPC), which is part of the dorsal auditory stream, and the left SMA (lSMA). We hypothesized that down-regulating lPPC would interfere with accurate beat-based perception by disrupting the dorsal auditory stream. We hypothesized that we would induce no interference to absolute timing ability. We predicted that down-regulating lSMA, which is not part of the dorsal auditory stream but has been implicated in internally timed movements, would also interfere with accurate beat-based timing perception. We show ( n = 25) that cTBS down-regulation of lPPC does interfere with beat-based timing ability, but only the ability to detect shifts in beat phase, not changes in tempo. Down-regulation of lSMA, in contrast, did not interfere with beat-based timing. As expected, absolute interval timing ability was not impacted by the down-regulation of lPPC or lSMA. These results support that the dorsal auditory stream plays an essential role in accurate phase perception in beat-based timing. We find no evidence of an essential role of parietal cortex or SMA in interval timing.
人们对大脑运动系统如何有助于感知音乐节奏越来越感兴趣。动作模拟听觉预测假说提出，背侧听觉流通过顶叶皮层参与听觉感知和基于节拍的预测之间的双向交换，在运动规划结构中[Patel，A.D.和 Iversen，J.R.音乐节拍感知的进化神经科学：动作模拟听觉预测（ASAP）假说。《系统神经科学前沿》，8，57，2014]。我们使用 TMS 方案，连续 theta 爆发刺激（cTBS），已知在刺激后长达 60 分钟内下调皮质活动，以测试对基于节拍的时间感知的因果贡献。cTBS 的目标区域包括左后顶叶皮层（lPPC），它是背侧听觉流的一部分，以及左 SMA（lSMA）。我们假设通过干扰背侧听觉流来下调 lPPC 会干扰基于节拍的准确感知。我们假设我们不会对绝对时间能力产生干扰。我们预测，下调不是背侧听觉流一部分但与内部定时运动有关的 lSMA，也会干扰基于节拍的准确定时感知。我们表明（n=25），lPPC 的 cTBS 下调确实会干扰基于节拍的定时能力，但仅干扰节拍相位变化的检测，而不干扰节奏变化。相比之下，lSMA 的下调并没有干扰基于节拍的定时。正如预期的那样，lPPC 或 lSMA 的下调并不影响绝对间隔时间能力。这些结果支持背侧听觉流在基于节拍的时间准确相位感知中起着至关重要的作用。我们没有发现顶叶皮层或 SMA 在间隔时间中的作用的证据。
