McLean Susan F
Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2016 Apr 27;3. doi: 10.4137/JMECD.S20377. eCollection 2016 Jan-Dec.
Case-based learning (CBL) is a newer modality of teaching healthcare. In order to evaluate how CBL is currently used, a literature search and review was completed.
A literature search was completed using an OVID© database using PubMed as the data source, 1946-8/1/2015. Key words used were "Case-based learning" and "medical education", and 360 articles were retrieved. Of these, 70 articles were selected to review for location, human health care related fields of study, number of students, topics, delivery methods, and student level.
All major continents had studies on CBL. Education levels were 64% undergraduate and 34% graduate. Medicine was the most frequently represented field, with articles on nursing, occupational therapy, allied health, child development and dentistry. Mean number of students per study was 214 (7-3105). The top 3 most common methods of delivery were live presentation in 49%, followed by computer or web-based in 20% followed by mixed modalities in 19%. The top 3 outcome evaluations were: survey of participants, knowledge test, and test plus survey, with practice outcomes less frequent. Selected studies were reviewed in greater detail, highlighting advantages and disadvantages of CBL, comparisons to Problem-based learning, variety of fields in healthcare, variety in student experience, curriculum implementation, and finally impact on patient care.
CBL is a teaching tool used in a variety of medical fields using human cases to impart relevance and aid in connecting theory to practice. The impact of CBL can reach from simple knowledge gains to changing patient care outcomes.
基于案例的学习（CBL）是一种较新的医疗保健教学模式。为了评估CBL目前的使用情况，我们完成了一项文献检索与综述。
以PubMed为数据源，利用OVID©数据库完成了一项文献检索（检索时间为1946年至2015年8月1日）。使用的关键词为“基于案例的学习”和“医学教育”，共检索到360篇文章。其中，选取了70篇文章进行综述，内容涉及研究地点、人类医疗保健相关研究领域、学生人数、主题、授课方式以及学生水平。
所有各大洲均有关于CBL的研究。教育水平方面，本科占64%，研究生占34%。医学是最常涉及的领域，还有关于护理、职业治疗、联合健康、儿童发育和牙科的文章。每项研究的学生平均人数为214人（7 - 3105人）。最常见的三种授课方式依次为：现场讲授占49%，其次是计算机或网络授课占20%，混合模式占19%。最常见的三种结果评估方式为：参与者调查、知识测试以及测试加调查，实践结果的评估相对较少。对所选研究进行了更详细的综述，突出了CBL的优缺点、与基于问题的学习的比较、医疗保健领域的多样性、学生经历的多样性、课程实施情况，以及最终对患者护理的影响。
CBL是一种在各种医学领域中使用的教学工具，通过实际案例来传授相关性，并有助于将理论与实践联系起来。CBL的影响范围可以从简单的知识获取到改变患者护理结果。
