Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2018 Mar;32(2):197-204. doi: 10.1037/adb0000341. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been consistently associated with elevated discounting rates for delayed rewards. However, there are few studies of delay discounting of losses in those with AUD even though their drinking behavior suggests that they discount future negative consequences of excessive drinking. The current study extends this literature by examining delay discounting of rewards and losses in a sample of those with AUD (n = 78) and healthy controls (n = 51) in 2 conditions: working memory (WM) load and no WM load. The AUD group discounted both rewards and losses at higher rates than the control group. The WM load increased discounting rates in the reward task but not in the loss task. There was also a significant Group × WM load interaction; the WM load increased discounting in control participants but not in AUD participants. These findings suggest that AUD is associated with a general propensity to discount future incentivized events regardless of nature of the incentive. (PsycINFO Database Record
酒精使用障碍（AUD）与延迟奖励的折扣率升高一直相关。然而，尽管 AUD 患者的饮酒行为表明他们会低估过度饮酒的未来负面影响，但对 AUD 患者的损失延迟折扣的研究很少。本研究通过在 AUD 患者样本（n = 78）和健康对照组（n = 51）中在两种条件下（工作记忆（WM）负荷和无 WM 负荷）检查奖励和损失的延迟折扣，扩展了这一文献。AUD 组对奖励和损失的折扣率均高于对照组。WM 负荷增加了奖励任务中的折扣率，但没有增加损失任务中的折扣率。还有一个显著的组×WM 负荷交互作用；WM 负荷增加了对照组参与者的折扣，但没有增加 AUD 参与者的折扣。这些发现表明，AUD 与普遍倾向于低估未来激励事件有关，而与激励的性质无关。
