Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, United States.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, United States.
Alcohol. 2023 May;108:21-29. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.11.003. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
This study investigated the influence of social incentives, alcohol incentives, and responsibility disincentives on decisions to attend and drink at party events in young adult college students (n = 82; 55 women, 27 men) where 36 (20 women; 16 men) had an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and 46 (35 women; 11 men) were control participants without an AUD. In this within-subjects design, participants were presented with a series of hypothetical drinking event scenarios that varied in terms of social incentives (knowing many vs. few people), alcohol incentives (more vs. less alcohol available), and next-day responsibility disincentives (high vs. moderate vs. low). Participants were asked whether they would attend the event and how many drinks they would consume. Social incentives significantly predicted both decisions to attend party events and decisions about how much to drink for all participants. Participants were more likely to decide to attend and drink more at high social incentive party events (where they knew more people). However, while low social incentives generally discouraged attendance decisions, AUD participants were more likely than controls to decide to attend party events in low social incentive contexts. Alcohol incentives did not affect attendance decisions. However, alcohol incentives did increase drinking amount decisions for AUD participants. Finally, while disincentives decreased attendance and drinking amount decisions in general, AUD participants were less deterred by responsibility disincentives than controls. The results highlight the important influence of social rewards on drinking-related decisions and suggest individual differences in how incentives and disincentives affect drinking decisions in persons with an AUD.
这项研究调查了社会激励、酒精激励和责任抑制对参加和饮酒的决策的影响，研究对象是年轻成年大学生（n=82；55 名女性，27 名男性），其中 36 名（20 名女性；16 名男性）患有酒精使用障碍（AUD），46 名（35 名女性；11 名男性）为无 AUD 的对照组参与者。在这项被试内设计中，参与者被呈现一系列假设的饮酒事件场景，这些场景在社会激励因素（认识很多人还是很少人）、酒精激励因素（更多还是更少的酒精供应）和次日责任抑制因素（高、中、低）方面有所不同。参与者被问到他们是否会参加活动以及会喝多少酒。对于所有参与者来说，社会激励因素显著预测了参加派对活动的决定和饮酒量的决定。参与者更有可能决定参加高社会激励派对活动（他们认识更多的人）并喝更多的酒。然而，尽管低社会激励因素通常会抑制参加的决定，但 AUD 参与者比对照组更有可能决定在低社会激励的情况下参加派对活动。酒精激励因素并不影响参加的决定。然而，酒精激励因素确实增加了 AUD 参与者的饮酒量决定。最后，虽然抑制因素普遍减少了参加和饮酒量的决定，但 AUD 参与者对责任抑制因素的抵制作用不如对照组。研究结果强调了社会奖励对与饮酒相关的决策的重要影响，并表明在 AUD 患者中，激励因素和抑制因素对饮酒决策的影响存在个体差异。
