Hasáková K, Bezakova J, Vician M, Reis R, Zeman M, Herichova I
Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Physiol Res. 2017 Dec 30;66(Suppl 4):S575-S582. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.933808.
miRNAs are small regulatory RNA molecules involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing. Their biosynthesis results in the formation of duplex consisting of a leading and a passenger strand of mature miRNA. The leading strand exhibits the main activity but recent findings indicate a certain role of the passenger strand as well. Deregulated levels of miRNA were found in many types of cancers including colorectal cancer. miR-21 and miR-16 were indicated as possible markers of colorectal cancer, however, small attention to gender differences in their expression was paid so far. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the expression of miR-21-5p, miR-21-3p, miR-16-5p and miR-16-3p in human colorectal cancer tissue and compare it to the adjacent tissues taken during surgery in men and women separately. Our results showed an up-regulation of all measured miRNAs in tumor tissue compared to adjacent tissues. As expected, tumors and adjacent tissues exhibited a significantly higher expression of leading miRNAs compared to passenger strand of miR-21 and miR-16. The expression of leading and passenger strand of miR-21 and miR-16 positively correlated exhibiting the highest correlation coefficient in the distal tissue. The expression pattern showed gender-dependent differences, with higher levels of miRNA in men than in women. Our findings indicate a gender-related expression pattern of miRNA, which should be considered as an important factor in generating new prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers.
微小RNA（miRNA）是参与转录后基因沉默的小调节RNA分子。它们的生物合成导致形成由成熟miRNA的引导链和过客链组成的双链体。引导链表现出主要活性，但最近的研究结果表明过客链也具有一定作用。在包括结直肠癌在内的多种癌症中都发现了miRNA水平失调。miR-21和miR-16被认为可能是结直肠癌的标志物，然而，到目前为止，人们对它们表达中的性别差异关注较少。因此，我们研究的目的是调查miR-21-5p、miR-21-3p、miR-16-5p和miR-16-3p在人结直肠癌组织中的表达，并将其分别与男性和女性手术时获取的相邻组织进行比较。我们的结果显示，与相邻组织相比，肿瘤组织中所有检测的miRNA均上调。正如预期的那样，与miR-21和miR-16的过客链相比，肿瘤和相邻组织中引导性miRNA的表达明显更高。miR-21和miR-16的引导链和过客链的表达呈正相关，在远端组织中表现出最高的相关系数。表达模式显示出性别依赖性差异，男性的miRNA水平高于女性。我们的研究结果表明miRNA存在与性别相关的表达模式，这应被视为生成新的预后或诊断生物标志物的一个重要因素。
