Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Elife. 2018 Jan 23;7:e32625. doi: 10.7554/eLife.32625.
Variation in biting frequency by mosquitoes can explain some of the heterogeneity in malaria transmission in endemic areas. In this study in Burkina Faso, we assessed natural exposure to mosquitoes by matching the genotype of blood meals from 1066 mosquitoes with blood from residents of local households. We observed that the distribution of mosquito bites exceeded the Pareto rule (20/80) in two of the three surveys performed (20/85, 76, and 96) and, at its most pronounced, is estimated to have profound epidemiological consequences, inflating the basic reproduction number of malaria by 8-fold. The distribution of bites from sporozoite-positive mosquitoes followed a similar pattern, with a small number of individuals within households receiving multiple potentially infectious bites over the period of a few days. Together, our findings indicate that heterogeneity in mosquito exposure contributes considerably to heterogeneity in infection risk and suggest significant variation in malaria transmission potential.
蚊子叮咬频率的变化可以解释在流行地区疟疾传播的一些异质性。在这项来自布基纳法索的研究中，我们通过将 1066 只蚊子的血液餐基因型与当地家庭居民的血液相匹配，评估了对蚊子的自然接触。我们观察到，在进行的三次调查中的两次（20/85、76 和 96），蚊子叮咬的分布超过了帕累托法则（20/80），在最明显的情况下，估计会产生深远的流行病学后果，使疟疾的基本繁殖数增加 8 倍。感染疟原虫的蚊子的叮咬分布也呈现出类似的模式，少数家庭内的个体在几天的时间内多次受到潜在传染性的叮咬。总之，我们的研究结果表明，蚊子接触的异质性对感染风险的异质性有很大的贡献，并表明疟疾传播潜力存在显著差异。
