Burczynska Aleksandra, Dziewit Lukasz, Decewicz Przemysław, Struzycka Izabela, Wroblewska Marta
Department of Dental Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland.
Pol J Microbiol. 2017 Mar 30;66(1):9-15. doi: 10.5604/17331331.1234988.
The composition of the oral microbiome in healthy individuals is complex and dynamic, and depends on many factors, such as anatomical location in the oral cavity, diet, oral hygiene habits or host immune responses. It is estimated at present that worldwide about 2 billion people suffer from diseases of the oral cavity, mainly periodontal disease and dental caries. Importantly, the oral microflora involved in local infections may spread and cause systemic, even life-threatening infections. In search for etiological agents of infections in dentistry, traditional approaches are not sufficient, as about 50% of oral bacteria are not cultivable. Instead, metagenomic analyses are particularly useful for studies of the complex oral microbiome - both in healthy individuals, and in patients with oral and dental diseases. In this paper we review the current and future applications of metagenomic studies in evaluation of both the composition of the oral microbiome as well as its potential pathogenic role in infections in dentistry.
健康个体口腔微生物群的组成复杂且动态变化，取决于许多因素，如口腔内的解剖位置、饮食、口腔卫生习惯或宿主免疫反应。目前估计，全球约有20亿人患有口腔疾病，主要是牙周病和龋齿。重要的是，参与局部感染的口腔微生物群可能会扩散并导致全身性甚至危及生命的感染。在寻找牙科感染的病原体时，传统方法并不足够，因为约50%的口腔细菌无法培养。相反，宏基因组分析对于研究复杂的口腔微生物群特别有用——无论是在健康个体还是患有口腔和牙齿疾病的患者中。在本文中，我们综述了宏基因组研究在评估口腔微生物群组成及其在牙科感染中潜在致病作用方面的当前和未来应用。
