Oruc Ipek, Shafai Fakhri, Murthy Shyam, Lages Paula, Ton Thais
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Vision Res. 2019 Apr;157:222-229. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Experience plays a fundamental role in the development of visual function. Exposure to different types of faces is an important factor believed to shape face perception ability. Contents of daily exposure to faces, i.e., the face-diet, of infants have been documented in previous studies. While face perception involves a protracted development and continues to be malleable well into adulthood, an empirical study of the adult face-diet has been lacking. We collected first-person perspective footage from 30 adults during the course of their daily activities. We found that adults' exposure to faces is longer and more diverse compared to that of infants. Frequency of exposure were highest for familiar (75%), own-race (81%), and three-quarter pose (44%) faces. Faces in the adult face-diet were relatively large (median 6°) suggesting fairly close viewing distances. Face sizes were significantly larger for familiar (median 7.1°) compared to unfamiliar (median 4.9°) faces, reflecting the closer viewing distances that characterize social interaction. These results are consistent with the view that face recognition processes are tuned to the ecologically relevant values of face attributes that are encountered most frequently in the real-life context to optimize face perception abilities.
经验在视觉功能的发展中起着基础性作用。接触不同类型的面孔被认为是塑造面部感知能力的一个重要因素。先前的研究已经记录了婴儿日常接触面孔的内容，即面部饮食。虽然面部感知涉及一个长期的发展过程，并且在成年期仍具有可塑性，但对成年人面部饮食的实证研究却一直缺乏。我们收集了30名成年人在日常活动过程中的第一人称视角视频。我们发现，与婴儿相比，成年人接触面孔的时间更长、种类更多。熟悉面孔（75%）、同种族面孔（81%）和四分之三视角面孔（44%）的接触频率最高。成年人面部饮食中的面孔相对较大（中位数为6°），这表明观看距离相当近。与不熟悉的面孔（中位数为4.9°）相比，熟悉面孔的尺寸明显更大（中位数为7.1°），这反映了社交互动中更近的观看距离。这些结果与以下观点一致，即人脸识别过程会根据现实生活中最常遇到的面部属性的生态相关值进行调整，以优化面部感知能力。
