University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Mar;29(3):191-200. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Jan 20.
Two types of thermogenic fat cells, brown adipocytes and beige adipocytes, play a key role in the regulation of systemic energy homeostasis in mammals. Both brown fat and beige fat possess thermogenic properties in addition to common morphological and biochemical characteristics, including multilocular lipid droplets and cristae-dense mitochondria. Recent studies also identify features that are distinct between the two types of thermogenic fat cells, such as their developmental regulation and function. Of particular interest is the role of beige fat in the regulation of glucose homeostasis via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-independent mechanisms. A better understanding of the underlying causes of these characteristics of brown and beige fat will allow us to specifically manipulate these cells to improve systemic energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis.
两种产热脂肪细胞，棕色脂肪细胞和米色脂肪细胞，在哺乳动物的全身能量平衡调节中发挥着关键作用。棕色脂肪和米色脂肪除了具有共同的形态和生化特征（包括多泡脂滴和嵴状密集的线粒体）外，还具有产热特性。最近的研究还确定了这两种产热脂肪细胞之间的区别特征，例如它们的发育调控和功能。特别值得关注的是米色脂肪在通过解偶联蛋白 1（UCP1）独立机制调节葡萄糖稳态中的作用。深入了解棕色和米色脂肪的这些特征的根本原因，将使我们能够专门操纵这些细胞来改善全身能量代谢和葡萄糖稳态。
