Meng Lu, Sun Liang, Tan Longtao
Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Yi Chuan. 2018 Jan 20;40(1):33-43. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.17-238.
Zinc and iron are essential mineral elements for the growth of Oryza sativa L. and also micronutrients for human health. Therefore, it is vital to study biofortification of rice with Zn and Fe in order to improve the yield and quality of rice, as well as to enhance nutritional states of humans. The zinc-regulated transporters and iron-regulated transporter-like proteins (the ZIP family) control the absorption and translocation of Zn and Fe and maintain their homeostasis in rice. Reciprocally, the expression of the ZIP family is induced by the concentration of Zn and Fe. There are abundant natural allelic variations of the ZIP genes, and some haplotypes only occur in indica or japonica, which could affect Zn and Fe accumulation levels between these subspecies. Currently, emerging functional studies of the accumulation mechanism of Zn and Fe in grains reveal that a lot still needs to be learned about the allele variations of ZIP genes. In fact, only OsZIP3 is functional characterized. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in the molecular characteristics of the ZIP transporters, including protein localization, gene expression patterns, transport mechanism, metal ion interaction, and natural allelic variations.
锌和铁是水稻生长必需的矿质元素，也是对人体健康至关重要的微量营养素。因此，研究水稻锌铁生物强化对于提高水稻产量和品质以及改善人体营养状况至关重要。锌调控转运蛋白和铁调控转运蛋白样蛋白（ZIP家族）控制着水稻中锌和铁的吸收与转运，并维持其体内平衡。反过来，ZIP家族的表达受锌和铁浓度的诱导。ZIP基因存在丰富的自然等位变异，一些单倍型仅出现在籼稻或粳稻中，这可能会影响这些亚种之间锌和铁的积累水平。目前，关于籽粒中锌和铁积累机制的新兴功能研究表明，关于ZIP基因的等位变异仍有许多需要了解的地方。事实上，只有OsZIP3的功能得到了表征。在本综述中，我们总结了ZIP转运蛋白分子特征的最新进展，包括蛋白质定位、基因表达模式、转运机制、金属离子相互作用和自然等位变异。
