Réblová M, Miller A N, Réblová K, Štěpánek V
Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice 252 43, Czech Republic.
Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Stud Mycol. 2018 Mar;89:1-62. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.11.004. Epub 2017 Dec 6.
The genus has a long history of taxonomic confusion. While species with evanescent asci have been transferred to the and , the taxonomic status of species with persistent asci has not been completely resolved. In previous studies using DNA sequence data, cultures and morphology, several spp. were allocated in 13 genera in the and . In our study, the systematics of the remaining spp. with persistent asci is revisited with new collection data, cultures and phylogeny based on novel DNA sequences from six nuclear loci. Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses support the monophyly of several wood-inhabiting species formerly classified in and other unknown morphologically similar taxa and their division into four genera, i.e. , , and the newly described . This robust clade represents the order in the . Comparative analysis of the ITS2 secondary structure revealed a genetic variation among isolates; 11 species were recognised, of which five are newly introduced and two are new combinations. Other taxonomic novelties include four new species and eight new combinations in , , and . Molecular data suggest that is polyphyletic. The core of the genus is positioned in the ; s. str. is experimentally linked with sexual morphs for the first time. Based on DNA sequence data, the monotypic genera and are reduced to synonymy under , while and are synonymised with . Members of the inhabit decaying wood in terrestrial and freshwater environments and share a few morphological characters such as the absence of stromatic tissue, ascomata with a cylindrical or rostrate neck, similar anatomies of the ascomatal walls, thin-walled unitunicate asci with a non-amyloid apical annulus, disintegrating paraphyses, usually ellipsoidal to fusiform ascospores and holoblastic-denticulate or tretic conidiogenesis. Revised spp. with persistent asci are listed and the taxonomic status of each species is re-evaluated based on revision of the holotype and other representative material, published details and available phylogenetic data.
该属在分类学上长期存在混乱。虽然具有瞬态子囊的物种已被转移到其他属，但具有持久子囊的物种的分类地位尚未完全解决。在以往使用DNA序列数据、培养物和形态学的研究中，几个该属物种被分配到13个属中。在我们的研究中，利用来自六个核基因座的新DNA序列、新的采集数据、培养物和系统发育对其余具有持久子囊的该属物种的系统学进行了重新研究。贝叶斯推断和最大似然分析支持了几个以前分类在其他属和形态相似但未知的分类群中的木生物种的单系性，以及它们分为四个属，即新描述的属。这个强大的分支代表了该目下的该科。对ITS2二级结构的比较分析揭示了该属分离株之间的遗传变异；识别出11个物种，其中5个是新引入的，2个是新组合。其他分类学新发现包括在其他属中有四个新物种和八个新组合。分子数据表明该属是多系的。该属的核心位于该科；狭义的该属首次通过实验与有性形态联系起来。基于DNA序列数据，单型属被归为该属的同义词，而被归为该属的同义词。该属的成员栖息于陆地和淡水环境中的腐朽木材上，具有一些共同的形态特征，如无基质组织、具圆柱形或喙状颈部的子囊果、子囊果壁的相似解剖结构、具非淀粉质顶端环带的薄壁单囊壁子囊、解体的侧丝、通常为椭圆形至梭形的子囊孢子以及全壁芽生齿状或三列型分生孢子形成方式。列出了具有持久子囊的该属物种修订清单，并根据模式标本和其他代表性材料的修订、已发表的详细信息和可用的系统发育数据重新评估了每个物种的分类地位。
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