日本老年患者使用膳食补充剂和非处方药的相关因素。
Factors associated with the use of dietary supplements and over-the-counter medications in Japanese elderly patients.
作者信息
Masumoto Shoichi, Sato Mikiya, Maeno Takami, Ichinohe Yumiko, Maeno Tetsuhiro
机构信息
Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
Kawakita Center for Family Medicine, Kawakita General Hospital, 1-7-3, Asagayakita, Sughinamiku, Tokyo, 166-0001, Japan.
出版信息
BMC Fam Pract. 2018 Jan 24;19(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12875-017-0699-9.
BACKGROUND
The use of dietary supplements and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is increasing, and there is adequate concern about potential harmful effects. However, there are limited reports on the concurrent use of nonprescription medications with prescription medications in elderly patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs, and to identify predictors for their use in elderly patients using medications prescribed for chronic diseases.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 729 patients aged ≥65 years with chronic diseases, between January and March 2016. Data regarding socio-demographic status, medical condition, number of prescriptions, use of nonprescription medications, and psychological status were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and by review of medical records. Data regarding use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate factors associated with the use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs.
RESULTS
The regular use of nonprescription drugs was reported by 32.5% of patients. Vitamins were the most commonly used dietary supplements in elderly patients. Female sex, higher educational qualifications, and good economic status were identified as predictors for the use of nonprescription medications. Concurrent use of nonprescription medications with more than 5 prescription medications was detected in 12.2% of participants. The disclosure rate of the use of nonprescription medications by patients to the physician was 30.3%.
CONCLUSION
The use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs was common in elderly patients with chronic diseases, and its use is associated with sex, education, and economic status. General practitioners (GPs) need to recognize the potential use of nonprescription medications, considering that polypharmacy was common and disclosure rate was low in this study.
背景
膳食补充剂和非处方药（OTC）的使用正在增加，人们对其潜在有害影响也有足够的关注。然而，关于老年患者非处方药与处方药同时使用的报道有限。因此，本研究旨在描述膳食补充剂和非处方药的使用情况，并确定老年慢性病患者使用这些药物的预测因素。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，于2016年1月至3月纳入了729名年龄≥65岁的慢性病患者。通过自填问卷和查阅病历收集有关社会人口学状况、医疗状况、处方数量、非处方药使用情况和心理状况的数据。使用描述性统计分析膳食补充剂和非处方药的使用数据。应用逻辑回归分析来调查与膳食补充剂和非处方药使用相关的因素。
结果
32.5%的患者报告经常使用非处方药。维生素是老年患者最常用的膳食补充剂。女性、较高的教育程度和良好的经济状况被确定为使用非处方药的预测因素。12.2%的参与者被检测出同时使用非处方药和超过5种处方药。患者向医生披露非处方药使用情况的比例为30.3%。
结论
膳食补充剂和非处方药在老年慢性病患者中使用普遍，其使用与性别、教育程度和经济状况有关。考虑到本研究中多重用药情况常见且披露率较低，全科医生（GPs）需要认识到非处方药的潜在使用情况。
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