Heil Jeanne, Hoebe Christian J P A, Loo Inge H M van, Cals Jochen W L, van Liere Geneviève A F S, Dukers-Muijrers Nicole H T M
Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Public Health Service (GGD) South Limburg, Geleen, the Netherlands.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 25;13(1):e0191798. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191798. eCollection 2018.
Transmission routes of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) are under debate. Here, we studied possible sexual transmission by comparing HEV prevalence in a Dutch sexual high-risk population (n = 1,482) with that in a general population (n = 1,487) while assessing sociodemographic and sexual risk factors. Overall prevalence of anti-HEV IgG of 18.9% (n = 562) was, adjusting for confounders, similar between the two populations (p = 0.44). Prevalence was higher with each year's increase in age (adjusted OR: 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02-1.04, p<0.01), among men (adjusted OR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.02-1.50, p = 0.03) and among individuals diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (adjusted OR: 1.60, 95%CI: 1.02-2.49, p = 0.04). Our results only hint at the possibility of a sexual transmission route for HEV given higher rates in those with chlamydia and/or gonorrheal infections. Sexual transmission is not a dominant transmission route, as its prevalence was not higher for the sexual high-risk population than for the general population.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的传播途径仍存在争议。在此，我们通过比较荷兰性高风险人群（n = 1482）和普通人群（n = 1487）中HEV的流行情况来研究可能的性传播，同时评估社会人口统计学和性风险因素。在对混杂因素进行调整后，两个群体中抗HEV IgG的总体流行率为18.9%（n = 562），两者相似（p = 0.44）。随着年龄每增加一岁，流行率更高（调整后的OR：1.03，95%CI：1.02 - 1.04，p<0.01），在男性中（调整后的OR：1.24，95%CI：1.02 - 1.50，p = 0.03）以及在被诊断为性传播感染的个体中（调整后的OR：1.60，95%CI：1.02 - 2.49，p = 0.04）。鉴于衣原体和/或淋病感染人群中的HEV感染率更高，我们的结果仅暗示了HEV存在性传播途径的可能性。性传播不是主要的传播途径，因为其在性高风险人群中的流行率并不高于普通人群。
