Eghbali-Babadi Maryam, Khosravi Alireza, Feizi Awat, Sarrafzadegan Nizal
PhD Candidate, Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute AND School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Associate Professor, Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
ARYA Atheroscler. 2017 Sep;13(5):211-220.
Lack of information about hypertension leads to failure in detection, treatment and reduced estimation of this disease effects. So, a comprehensive study, named trends of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control hypertension among the adults in Isfahan, Iran (2001-2016) and evaluation of the effect of expanded chronic care model (ECCM) on control, treatment and self-care, has been designed. This study explains the aspects of design and methods of its implementation.
This study was conducted in four stages in 2014-2016. In the 1st stage, valid questionnaires were made to assess knowledge, attitude and practice, and self-care. In the 2nd stage, the status of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control and hypertension risk factors was assessed. In the 3rd stage, a two-group clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ECCM on hypertensive patients and their families. In the 4th stage, the results of hypertension prevalence and its risk factors in adults in 2016 were compared with two other studies undertaken in 2001 and 2007.
To develop the questionnaire, face and content validity, internal and external reliability, and construct validity were examined. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and risk factors among 2107 adult individuals were determined in Isfahan. In a clinical trial, 216 hypertensive patients were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Finally, a sample size of 8073 people was used to determine and compare the 15-year-old trend of hypertension and its affecting factors.
It is obvious that the final findings of this study will play a key role in health and research policy and provide a suitable model for implementing appropriate interventional measures at the provincial and national levels.
缺乏有关高血压的信息会导致疾病检测失败、治疗不力以及对其疾病影响的评估减少。因此，设计了一项名为“伊朗伊斯法罕成年人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率趋势（2001 - 2016年）以及扩展慢性病护理模式（ECCM）对控制、治疗和自我护理效果的评估”的综合研究。本研究阐述了其设计方面及实施方法。
本研究于2014 - 2016年分四个阶段进行。在第一阶段，制作有效问卷以评估知识、态度和实践以及自我护理情况。在第二阶段，评估高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率及危险因素状况。在第三阶段，进行两组临床试验以评估ECCM对高血压患者及其家庭的有效性。在第四阶段，将2016年成年人高血压患病率及其危险因素的结果与2001年和2007年进行的另外两项研究结果进行比较。
为编制问卷，检验了表面效度、内容效度、内部和外部信度以及结构效度。确定了伊斯法罕2107名成年个体的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率及危险因素。在一项临床试验中，216名高血压患者被随机分为干预组和对照组。最后，使用8073人的样本量来确定和比较15年高血压趋势及其影响因素。
显然，本研究的最终结果将在卫生和研究政策中发挥关键作用，并为在省级和国家层面实施适当的干预措施提供合适的模式。
